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Saudi Attorney General and Chairman of the Council of Public Prosecutions, Sheikh Saud Al-Muajab, has authorised the establishment of the Centre for the Protection of Whistleblowers, Witnesses, Experts and Victims.
This is in accordance with Article Four of the Law for the Protection of Whistleblowers, Witnesses, Experts, and Victims. This law, which was approved by the Council of Ministers on February 13, aims to ensure the safety of individuals who may face threats for providing evidence in legal proceedings.
The centre's primary objective is to offer legal protection to individuals at risk of reprisals for disclosing information related to criminal activities. The law guarantees protection from threats, dangers, or harm.
According to Article 14 of the law, individuals are entitled to various forms of protection, including security measures, confidentiality of personal information to shield their identity, temporary or permanent relocation from their workplace, assistance in finding alternative employment and access to legal, psychological and social support.
They are also provided with means to report imminent dangers, change their contact information and residence, receive security escorts or accommodations and receive financial assistance.
The centre will take necessary measures to protect entitled individuals from physical harm and ensure their health, safety and social integration throughout the protection period, respecting their rights and freedoms while imposing only necessary restrictions as per legal provisions.
Protected individuals can request protection following specific procedures and terms outlined in the law. Protection can also be granted without consent if potential imminent danger is identified.
The law establishes criminal penalties, including up to three years' imprisonment and fines up to SR5 million, for offenses against protected individuals.
Judicial authorities are empowered by the law to provide necessary protection to witnesses, victims, whistleblowers, experts, and their families against threats such as assault, retaliation, intimidation, and others.
The law encourages and facilitates information sharing to combat crime while safeguarding informants, witnesses, experts, and victims from attacks, threats, or any actions that may impede the delivery of such information. The law will become effective 120 days after its publication in the Official Umm Al-Qura Gazette on Shaban 20, corresponding to March 1, 2024.
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The European Union has introduced five-year Schengen visas for citizens of Saudi Arabia, Oman and Bahrain, allowing them multiple visits to the bloc during this period.
EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell announced this during the inaugural session of the first high-level Forum on Regional Security and Cooperation between the EU and the GCC in Luxembourg.
"I am pleased to announce a decision by the European Commission this morning to standardise rules for issuing multiple-entry visas to citizens of GCC countries," Borrell stated.
These visa regulations apply uniformly to all GCC countries whose citizens require permits to enter the Schengen Area, marking a significant stride in EU-Gulf relations.
UAE citizens enjoy visa-free travel to the Schengen Area for stays of up to three months, whereas Qataris must apply for visas.
In 2022, the EU unveiled plans for visa-free travel for Kuwaitis and Qataris.
Subsequently, a new visa regime was introduced last September specifically for Kuwaitis, featuring a "cascade" system enabling eligible applicants, including first-time travelers, to secure five-year permits.
The Schengen Area, encompassing 29 European countries, expanded in February to include Bulgaria and Romania, effectively abolishing air and maritime border controls.
Additionally, citizens from the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman and Saudi Arabia are exempt from pre-entry visa requirements for the UK.
In November, Gulf countries revealed intentions to implement a unified tourist visa akin to the Schengen permit, aimed at streamlining travel for residents and tourists.
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In a significant move towards enhancing its operational framework, the GCC Commercial Arbitration Centre has unveiled pioneering measures, as announced by Dr Kamal Al Hamad, the Centre's Secretary-General.
Among these advancements is a mandate for applicants to electronically register on the Centre's website and submit all requisite documentation.
These submissions should include academic certificates, evidence of a minimum of 10 years of practical experience for arbitrators and seven years for experts in their respective fields and completion of specialised programmes such as the International Fellowship Programme in Arbitration and the Arbitrators Qualification Programme.
Additionally, arbitrators must demonstrate issuance of at least five institutional arbitration awards, while experts must provide three expert reports within their area of expertise.
Strategic Implementation
Furthermore, applicants are required to provide a university endorsement validating their certificates, attest to the authenticity of their submitted documents and furnish additional evidence reflecting the Centre's alignment with contemporary international commercial arbitration standards.
This meticulous process is integral to the Centre's strategic vision to rank among the world's foremost commercial arbitration entities.
Dr Al-Hamad emphasized the imperative for arbitrators and experts affiliated with the GCC Commercial Arbitration Centre to possess a comprehensive skill set and professional attributes.
These attributes encompass a robust understanding of legal principles, adept analytical prowess, effective communication skills, proficiency in navigating complex scenarios, impartiality and a profound grasp of arbitration principles alongside pertinent legal frameworks governing the disputes under consideration.
Dr Al-Hamad noted that the Centre recently declined over 60 applications for failing to meet these stringent criteria.
"We consider these exacting standards as essential to safeguarding the reputation and enduring success of the GCC Commercial Arbitration Centre," Dr Al-Hamad emphasised.
"The arbitrators and experts we designate play a central role in solidifying our position as a premier institution in commercial arbitration.
Their possession of requisite professional skills, experience, qualifications, and licensure reflects the efficiency and caliber of the services we provide."
Dr Al-Hamad accentuated the role of arbitrators and experts as impartial mediators tasked with facilitating dispute resolution outside the conventional judicial framework.
To excel in this capacity, arbitrators must possess the ability to attentively listen to the arguments presented by involved parties, objectively assess evidence, and deliver prompt, reliable, and equitable decisions.
Moreover, he affirmed the Centre's extensive pool of arbitrators and experts, each specialising in diverse case types.
These professionals undergo continuous evaluation across various domains pertinent to the Centre's operations and the delivery of high-quality arbitration services.
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Labour disputes that cannot be settled amicably within 21 working days will be referred to court, according to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD).
The ministry highlighted its electronic 'Friendly Settlement' service for resolving labour disputes between workers and employers. In the initial phase of processing electronically filed labour dispute petitions, this service aims to facilitate a resolution. If no settlement is reached within 21 days of the first session, labour offices will electronically transfer the case to labour courts.
Under this system, efforts are made to reconcile differing viewpoints through mediation, seeking an amicable solution that satisfies both parties whenever possible. If no resolution is achieved within 21 working days from the first session, the case will be automatically referred to the labour court.
The ministry has streamlined its friendly settlement services on its official website, allowing for electronic case submission and formalisation. The system also enables plaintiffs and defendants to access case details before the hearing session.
Additionally, remote reconciliation sessions can be conducted, ensuring high governance standards and eliminating human interference in scheduling appointments.
The ministry's Friendly Settlement unit specialises in handling labour disputes related to employment contracts, wages, rights, work injuries, compensation, terminations and disciplinary actions against workers.
Lawsuits for friendly settlement can be initiated through the ministry's unified application or website, requiring proof of identity, nationality, residency, or passport, along with evidence of the contractual relationship from the plaintiff (worker/employer).
This service is available at the labour office within the jurisdiction of the workplace and the relevant settlement office. Lawsuits must be acknowledged and verified for non-malicious intent.
Notifications via text messages and emails are sent to all involved parties upon acceptance of the lawsuit. Details regarding the hearing date are also communicated through these channels.
If the plaintiff fails to attend, the case will be set aside with the option to reopen it within 21 working days. If the defendant misses the initial session, their ministry services will be suspended, and a new session will be scheduled.
Repeated absences by the defendant allow the worker to change employers without the current employer's consent, and the case will proceed to the labour courts.
In cases where a settlement is reached, a settlement agreement will be drafted and made available for printing through the claims service. If no agreement is reached after the second session, the lawsuit is transferred to the labour courts, with session dates determined later by the Ministry of Justice.
The lawsuit is considered closed within the friendly settlement unit, and clients can print and submit reports through the Najiz system at the Ministry of Justice.
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The Saudi Ministry of Justice has successfully resolved 7,700 commercial disputes through the Taradhi conciliation platform by the end of 2023.
The initiative aligns with the goals of the National Transformation Programme and Vision 2030, aiming to simplify and enhance the efficiency of dispute resolution processes.
The Taradhi platform, accessible online, provides a friendly, remote environment where parties can settle their disputes with the help of certified conciliators.
It is designed to improve the investment climate in the Kingdom by offering a legal framework that ensures the validity and enforceability of conciliation agreements. These agreements are binding and can be enforced without litigation if parties do not comply.
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New rules governing labour accommodations are set to be introduced, according to Bahrain’s Labour Minister Jameel Humaidan. A newly-proposed article will be added to the 2012 Private Sector Employment Law, obliging employers who provide staff accommodation to declare their whereabouts and allow inspections to ensure standards are met.
These amendments, currently under review by the Ministerial Committee for Legal Affairs, will establish accommodation standards in coordination with the Bahrain Chamber and trade unions.
Minister Humaidan also mentioned that specific locations for labour camps outside urban areas will soon be determined through a ministerial decision, in collaboration with other relevant authorities. Each worker should have a minimum of four square metres of space within one room, ensuring proper ventilation, lighting, storage and essential facilities such as fire equipment, first-aid kits and acceptable sanitary amenities.
In response to concerns raised by Parliament’s Foreign Affairs, Defence and National Security Committee vice-chairwoman Dr Mariam Al Dhaen regarding residential saturation in areas like Isa Town due to a large expatriate labour force, Minister Humaidan emphasised the need for urgent measures to address community issues caused by irresponsible labour practices.
Regarding runaway expat workers, Minister Humaidan reported that out of 562,593 work permits issued from December 2022 to February 2024, 1,337 individuals violated their employment terms.
In other news, after a decade of delays, tenders will finally be issued for the redevelopment of Jidhafs Central Market. The project will include urban enhancements, direct outlets and designated sections for fish, meat, poultry, fruits, vegetables and local products, along with essential services like a traditional coffee shop, security offices and management facilities.
This initiative follows extensive coordination among authorities, aiming to address community concerns about illegal trading, traffic congestion and related issues in the market area.
Lastly, during a parliamentary session, MPs unanimously approved an urgent proposal to establish car parks for Radhi Haddad Mosque in Janabiya, demonstrating their commitment to addressing community needs and concerns.
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Kuwait, with its rich history and vibrant culture, is at a pivotal juncture where tradition converges with modernity. As the nation progresses, its legal framework must also evolve to align with the demands of a dynamic society.
Developing law in Kuwait is a multifaceted endeavour that blends tradition with innovation and harmonises local values with global standards. This article delves into the process of legal development in Kuwait and provide insights into navigating this complex landscape.
Understanding Kuwait's Legal System
Before exploring legal development, it's essential to grasp the foundations of Kuwait’s legal system. Kuwait follows a civil law system heavily influenced by Islamic law (Sharia).
The Constitution of Kuwait serves as the supreme law, defining the framework of governance and fundamental rights. Kuwait has a dual court system comprising civil courts and Sharia courts, each with jurisdiction over specific matters.
Factors Driving Legal Evolution
Several factors contribute to the evolution of law in Kuwait. The society is diverse, with a blend of traditional values and modern aspirations.
Social changes such as urbanisation, globalisation, and demographic shifts influence legal needs and expectations.
Economic growth, driven by oil reserves and diversification efforts, necessitates legal frameworks to regulate commerce, investment, and employment. As a member of the United Nations and signatory to various international treaties, Kuwait is committed to aligning its legal framework with international standards.
Addressing Contemporary Challenges
The digital revolution has transformed governance and law. Developing laws to address cybercrime, data protection, and e-commerce is imperative in the digital age.
Developing law in Kuwait requires a systematic approach that balances legal tradition with contemporary needs. It begins with thorough research and consultation with experts, stakeholders, and the public to understand societal needs and concerns.
Drafting new laws or amending existing ones involves careful consideration of constitutional principles, international norms, and societal expectations to ensure clarity, coherence, and enforceability.
Role of the National Assembly
Kuwait’s National Assembly plays a pivotal role in the legislative process. Proposed laws undergo review and debate, allowing elected representatives to scrutinize and refine legal provisions.
Engaging the public enhances transparency and legitimacy through consultations, hearings and feedback mechanisms.
Investing in Legal Education and Capacity Building
Developing a robust legal framework requires investing in legal education and capacity building. Training programmes for lawmakers, judges, lawyers and legal professionals ensure a competent workforce capable of interpreting and applying the law effectively.
Challenges and Opportunities
Despite progress, Kuwait faces challenges like bureaucratic inefficiencies and judicial backlog, presenting opportunities for innovation, collaboration, and reform.
Embracing change, fostering dialogue, and upholding the rule of law are essential for navigating legal development while safeguarding Kuwait’s values and aspirations.
By adopting a strategic approach and collective effort, Kuwait can continue to evolve its legal framework to meet the evolving needs of its people and the demands of the modern world.
(The writer is a law associate at NYK Law Firm, one of the top legal consultants in Dubai)
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Saudi Arabia has introduced new health-based marriage regulations aimed at preventing genetic diseases and promoting the well-being of future generations.
The amendments to Resolution 156 govern marriages involving Saudi nationals and non-Saudi individuals, prohibiting unions deemed "medically incompatible" under the guidelines of the "Healthy Marriage Programme."
The updated regulations specify that marriages can proceed if it is medically established, according to Ministry of Health protocols, that one partner is incapable of reproduction. Additionally, the Ministry of Health, under Cabinet decision No. 110, will identify the list of diseases subject to screening in the Healthy Marriage Programme for the public interest.
These changes are a significant advancement in preventing genetic disorders, ensuring treatment for affected individuals, and addressing related health concerns. The initiative is critical for fostering families free from prevalent hereditary blood disorders and serious infectious diseases in the Kingdom, while also promoting health awareness among prospective couples.
"Medical incompatibility," as defined by the Ministry of Health within the Healthy Marriage Programme, occurs when both parties are affected by or carriers of listed genetic diseases for screening, or when one party is affected and the other is a suspected carrier of a genetic disease.
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The Saudi Capital Market Authority (CMA) has slapped hefty penalties totaling SR45.9 million on five investors for market manipulation and fraudulent practices.
The Appeal Committee for Resolution of Securities Disputes (ACRSD) has taken the decisive action against the five investors for engaging in illegal market practices. Fines totalling SR3.5 million have been levied against the investors for violations of the Capital Market Law and its regulations.
Additionally, four investors and a local company are ordered to repay SR41.4 million in illicit gains obtained through their investment portfolios.
The culprits manipulated the market and misled shareholders around the listing of Watani Iron Steel Co., thereby unlawfully inflating their share ownership without proper disclosure. One investor further used WhatsApp to manipulate the company's share price for personal gain.
The convicted include Abdulkarim Alrajhi and family, who were found guilty of not disclosing their increased shareholdings in Watani Iron Steel Co. Riyadh bin Sulaiman bin Omar Alkhorashi was convicted of using social media to influence share prices and profit from these manipulative activities.
In response to these breaches, a comprehensive penalty including monetary fines and mandatory repayments of illegal gains was imposed. The CMA reaffirms its commitment to maintaining a secure and transparent investment environment, emphasising severe repercussions for those engaging in fraudulent or manipulative activities in the capital market.
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Saudi Arabia will cover government fees for displaced expatriates from neighbouring countries permitted to rectify their status within the Kingdom for four years.
The decision was made during the weekly session of the Council of Ministers chaired by Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman in Jeddah on Tuesday.
The exemption includes residency permit (iqama) fees, work permit fees, transfer of service fees, profession change fees and fees for private sector employees, applicable for four years from their status rectification upon arrival.
Moreover, the state will cover previously incurred fees and fines related to residency law violations for both individuals and their companions.
Following the session, Minister of Media Salman Al-Dosary stated the Cabinet's decision to amend the Traffic Law. The Ministry of Education was tasked with applying provisions from the Municipal Real Estate Regulation concerning real estate investment deeds.
At the session's outset, the Crown Prince expressed gratitude for Saudi Arabia's successful hosting of millions of Umrah pilgrims during Ramadan, attributing this success to divine grace and King Salman's leadership. He praised government agencies' efforts in serving pilgrims.
The Crown Prince briefed the Cabinet on a message from the Ethiopian prime minister, focusing on bilateral relations and cooperation.
The Cabinet discussed enhancing cooperation with various countries and organisations for regional stability, prosperity and sustainable development.
It applauded the launch of the Vision for Regional Security of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Saudi Arabia's selection to chair the 69th session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women in 2025.
Domestically, the Cabinet reviewed outcomes from the governors' annual meeting, emphasising comprehensive development and improved services for citizens and expatriates.
It noted successful job creation and training initiatives, resulting in a record-low national unemployment rate of 7.7 per cent for Saudi citizens in Q4 2023.
The Cabinet reaffirmed the commitment to preserving historical sites to achieve Vision 2030 goals and praised completion of a project supporting 56 buildings in the Historic Jeddah Neighbourhood.
Approvals included memoranda of understanding (MoUs) for political consultations, economic cooperation agreements and agreements in various fields with countries like San Marino, Serbia, Barbados, Mali and Bahrain.
Additionally, the Cabinet authorised discussions and signings of MoUs in combating terrorism, seawater desalination, and cooperation in public policy and nuclear safety and radiation protection with organisations and countries such as Pakistan, South Korea, and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
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As Kuwait moves forward with the implementation of mandatory biometric fingerprinting for both its citizens and expatriates, a collaborative initiative is unfolding among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states to establish a unified fingerprint system, as reported by a Kuwaiti newspaper.
The Kuwaiti Interior Ministry has set a three-month deadline, commencing on March 1, for the mandatory biometric fingerprinting process. Failure to comply will result in restricted access to ministry services, including residency permit (iqama) renewals and driver's licence procedures.
Reportedly, approximately 1.7 million individuals in Kuwait, out of its population of 4.8 million, primarily comprising expatriates, have already undergone biometric fingerprinting, according to informed sources cited by a newspaper.
"The accelerated implementation of fingerprinting in Kuwait and the establishment of a three-month deadline resulted from coordinated efforts among the Gulf countries," stated the sources, though specifics were not provided.
Some nations have advocated for expeditious security linkage implementation and data exchange. Completion of this process is expected to automatically address issues related to dual nationality.
"The establishment of a biometric fingerprint database will significantly enhance security cooperation with other countries, including Interpol, Arab states, and particularly the Gulf nations," remarked the sources.
They further elaborated that this initiative would facilitate the identification of individuals wanted in security cases and curb attempts by individuals using forged passports to enter Kuwait.
Collaborative efforts are underway among GCC countries to resolve challenges associated with dual nationality, which impose financial and social burdens. Biometric fingerprinting data will aid in identifying dual nationality holders who may utilize various identity documents while traveling.
"Biometric fingerprinting will establish an official identity reference database, a requirement for entry and departure in numerous countries," concluded the sources.
The Kuwaiti Interior Ministry affirmed that personnel are actively conducting biometric fingerprinting procedures for Kuwaitis, other GCC nationals, and expatriates at Kuwait's border points, including the Kuwait International Airport and designated centers nationwide.
In addition to Kuwait, the GCC comprises the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Bahrain and Qatar.
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The Saudi Ministry of Commerce has initiated punitive measures against several commercial establishments and individuals found organising lottery retail prize draws for commercial goods.
These draws required consumers to make purchases as a prerequisite to participating in the contest. The ministry has summoned the offending commercial entities and individuals to undergo legal proceedings before referring their cases to the Public Prosecution.
The ministry has emphasised that commercial establishments and individuals must refrain from coercing consumers into making purchases as a condition for participating in contests, offers and raffles organised by them. This includes practices such as placing contest vouchers within items or inflating the price of goods during contests.
It has underscored that any form of payment or requirement for consumers to make purchases in exchange for participation in contests constitutes lottery activity, which is strictly prohibited under the Kingdom's regulations.
Lottery prizes that hinge on purchasing goods or products in exchange for cash prizes, entry into prize draws, or the inclusion of cash within products offered for sale to consumers are expressly forbidden in the Kingdom.
According to the Anti-Commercial Fraud Law and its Executive Regulations, requiring purchases in commercial competitions as a condition for participation is prohibited. Furthermore, competitions must adhere to the principles of Shariah law and customs observed in the Kingdom.
The ministry has declared its commitment to ramping up monitoring efforts to ensure that commercial establishments and advertisers licensed by the General Authority for Media Regulation comply with the regulations for organising commercial competitions as outlined in the Anti-Commercial Fraud Law and its Executive Regulations.
It has also mandated that no commercial contests be organised or advertised without obtaining the necessary licence.
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Children of deceased civil servants, private sector employees and military personnel could now receive their monthly pensions for an extended period.
MPs unanimously approved amendments to the 1975 Civil Servants Pension Law, 1976 Social Insurance Law and 1976 Military Pension Law, proposed by a group of five MPs led by Strategic Thinking Bloc spokesman Khalid Bu Onk.
The legislators aim to raise the age limit for such beneficiaries, allowing regular pensions to be disbursed to children until they reach 24 years old, rather than the current age of 22.
For those pursuing higher education, pensions would be extended until the age of 28, with payments ceasing upon completion of studies before reaching the designated age limit.
The proposed amendments have faced objections from the Social Insurance Organisation (SIO), citing contradictions with the concepts of work and retirement. Similarly, the Military Pension Fund has raised concerns, calling for a more thorough study.
Nevertheless, the Al Hekma Retired Society has endorsed Parliament's proposed amendments, deeming them equitable.
A suggestion has been made for additional funding for these payments to be sourced from the Unemployment or Future Generations Funds.
Meanwhile, the Cabinet has requested a reconsideration of a parliamentary proposal to restrict relevant job positions at ministries and government bodies to expatriates holding a Master’s Degree and possessing 10 years of work experience.
A letter outlining proposed amendments to the 2010 Civil Service Law, presented by His Royal Highness Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, has been forwarded to the services committee for review.
Under the proposed amendment, the Civil Service Commission would only offer a two-year contract, renewable once, to those meeting the specified criteria. Additionally, they would be required to train a predetermined number of Bahraini nationals as part of the agreement.
Another letter and amendment to the 1976 Social Insurance Law, aimed at altering pension calculations, adjusting retirement eligibility periods and reducing workers’ contributions from seven per cent to six per cent, have also been referred to the same committee.
Furthermore, an amendment to the 2013 Real Estate Registration Law proposing exemptions for nationals from registration or transfer fees has been sent to the public utilities and environment affairs committee. The government has expressed concerns over such exemptions, citing potential significant revenue reductions.
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The Shura Council convened its regular weekly session at the Tamim bin Hamad Hall yesterday, chaired by Speaker of the Council H.E. Hassan bin Abdullah Al Ghanim.
During the meeting, the council scrutinised a draft law proposing amendments to certain provisions of the Penal Code as stipulated in Law No. 11 of 2004, which had been referred to it by the esteemed government.
The Council resolved to delegate the examination of the draft law to the Legal and Legislative Affairs Committee for thorough review and the subsequent submission of a report to the Council.
Additionally, the Council endorsed a draft law aimed at repealing Law No. 2 of 1991, which imposed fees for obtaining certificates issued by the Ministry of Interior and its affiliated agencies, and Law No. 7 of 1991, which imposed similar fees for certificates issued by the Ministry of Defense.
This decision followed a comprehensive review of the report provided by the Internal and External Affairs Committee.
Furthermore, the Shura Council assessed the report detailing its delegation's involvement in a roundtable discussion on the Arab Declaration for Combating all Forms of Violence against Women and Girls, conducted via video conference last December.
Lastly, the Council reviewed the participation of its delegation in the 51st Parliamentary Assembly of the Mediterranean (PAM) Bureau Meeting, also held through video conferencing in December.
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Saudi Arabia has implemented the Regulation to Suspend Government Services, coinciding with the beginning of the sacred month of Ramadan.
The regulation is aimed at minimising any adverse effects on individuals and businesses resulting from the suspension of government services. It includes provisions designed to safeguard the rights of all parties involved and promote compliance and adherence.
Implementation of the regulation follows specific guidelines and procedures outlined on government agency platforms such as the Absher Individuals and Businesses platform and the Muqeem portal.
According to the regulation, government services can only be suspended after a grace period is provided for rectifying any violations.
Furthermore, services related to healthcare, education, employment, commercial registration, or documentation cannot be suspended in a manner that harms the beneficiary or their dependents. Suspension of services is contingent upon the presentation of a legal document after the grace period has elapsed.
The regulation outlines a three-phase approach to the suspension of services, each phase having a designated timeframe. The initial two phases span 15 days each, with the possibility of a 15-day extension.
The duration of the third phase is determined by the statutory document for suspension submitted by the requesting government authority. If the reason for service suspension is rectified, the relevant government entity must lift the suspension within 24 hours.
Provisions within the regulation empower individuals and businesses to request an extension of the grace period before service suspension and to be informed of the entity responsible for the suspension of services.
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Employees in entities where the state owns more than 50 per cent of the capital, or contributes to its management, are now officially considered civil servants. The Shura Council members unanimously voted in favour of Royal Decree 14/2023, which amends the 2014 State Information and Documents Protection Law, during their session yesterday.
The purpose of this amendment is to strengthen the protection of state information and documents. Last Tuesday, Members of Parliament also unanimously approved the decree during their weekly session. The decree, issued in September of the previous year, was prompted by an urgent request from the Cabinet.
According to the decree, individuals deemed responsible must safeguard documents, ensuring they are protected against tampering, loss, or damage, and must refrain from disclosing information to external parties. Additionally, all electronically stored information and documents must have copies saved in a national data center offering secure cloud storage services. Furthermore, all national databases will be interconnected with this center, enabling immediate updates to information and documents.
Dr Ali Al Rumaihi, Chairman of the Shura Council's Foreign Affairs, Defense, and National Security Committee, emphasised that broadening the scope of responsibility would enhance information and document protection. "We are in a time where every precaution must be taken, given the escalating cyberthreats and cybercrimes," he said.
"The level of responsibility has increased significantly, with officials in state-owned enterprises now included to ensure enhanced security," he added.
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Following licensing by the Central Bank of Oman and the Capital Market Authority, the Sultanate of Oman has launched the government-owned Oman Investment Bank SAOC as the country’s first dedicated corporate investment bank.
Headquartered at Dana House in Muscat’s Al Khuwair district, Oman Investment Bank was established to support the strategic goals and ambitions of the Sultanate of Oman and wholesale corporate and investor clients regionally and across Oman Investment Bank’s target markets.
The bank will provide a spectrum of financial services, spanning from corporate finance advisory to the enhancement of domestic and regional securities markets.
In the lead-up to the bank’s launch, His Excellency Abdulsalam bin Mohammed Al Murshidi, Chairman of Oman Investment Bank, said that the bank is now poised to play a vital role in supporting the Omani Government’s implementation of the Oman Vision 2040 strategy, which prioritises the development of a more agile, diversified, sustainable, and competitive economy.
He added that with the launch of the bank, the Sultanate now possesses most of the tools required to encourage investment in projects being developed in Oman.
The launch of Oman Investment Bank follows the establishment of Oman Future Fund, which was launched earlier this year.
With a vision to grow over the coming years, the bank’s focus will include the provision of a full suite of strategic advisory and capital markets products to listed and unlisted corporates in Oman, in the broader GCC region, and internationally.
Key business sectors will include Energy & Power, Industrials & Minerals, Consumer & Agriculture, Financial & Asset Management, and Real Estate, Infrastructure & Technology/Media/Telecommunications and any other strategic sectors targeted by the Sultanate.
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Etihad Airways, the long-haul operator based in Abu Dhabi, could become one of the next UAE companies to initiate an initial public offering (IPO) or a direct listing.
According to a Bloomberg report, the sovereign wealth fund of the UAE capital, ADQ, is contemplating listing the carrier and has engaged in discussions with banks regarding a potential deal.
A potential agreement could be reached within this year. As per the report, the wealth fund has been considering both a traditional IPO and a direct listing. ADQ and Etihad representatives have refrained from commenting on the matter.
Should the plans materialise, Etihad would mark the first carrier in the GCC to undergo public listing.
The airline achieved a notable milestone by recording a core operating profit of $296 million in the first half of 2022, a significant improvement from the $392 million loss reported the previous year.
This turnaround was attributed to the expansion of its network capacity in response to robust travel demand. Passenger revenues soared, tripling to $1.25 billion in the first six months of the year.
In 2022, complete ownership of Etihad Aviation Group was transferred to ADQ as part of a strategic move aimed at bolstering Abu Dhabi's position as a prominent global aviation hub.
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Amazon, the e-commerce behemoth, has disbursed $1.9 million to more than 700 employees in Saudi Arabia, compensating them for illicit recruitment fees and other transgressions.
The disbursement follows investigations revealing irregularities in the hiring practices of workers engaged by third-party vendors supporting Amazon's operations in the kingdom, according to a company statement.
In October of the previous year, Amnesty International shed light on the predicament of warehouse employees in Saudi Arabia associated with Amazon. The report outlined how these workers were misled by recruitment agents, deprived of rightful earnings, subjected to abysmal living conditions, and impeded from seeking alternative employment or leaving the country.
"Many of them were highly likely victims of human trafficking," the group asserted.
Responding to these allegations, Amazon enlisted the services of Verité, an independent labor rights expert, to conduct a targeted assessment of migrant worker issues and probe into recruitment practices at two Saudi facilities.
The investigation encompassed interviews with workers contracted through a licensed temporary labour agency, Abdullah Fahad Al-Mutairi Co (AFMCO).
"Verité's findings uncovered breaches of our Supply Chain Standards, including workers bearing recruitment costs to secure employment with AFMCO, inadequate living conditions, discrepancies in contracts and wages, and delays in resolving worker grievances," Amazon stated.
Amazon acknowledged that the labour agency has already taken steps to rectify the most pressing concerns, notably enhancing worker accommodations to meet company standards. Upgrades to living quarters, provision of lockers for personal belongings, and limitations on room occupancy were among the improvements cited.
Subsequent investigations by Amazon scrutinised the practices of all other third-party vendors across Saudi Arabia.
"We identified instances where contracted workers were compelled to cover expenses, including recruitment fees and other costs, to obtain employment—contravening our supply chain standards," the company disclosed.
In response to these findings, Amazon collaborated with human rights specialist Impactt Ltd to calculate reimbursement amounts for affected workers. The assessment factored in reported payments by workers, historical exchange rate fluctuations, compounded inflation, and interest.
"As a result of this collaborative effort, Amazon disbursed $1.9 million in reimbursements to over 700 contracted workers," the company confirmed.
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Dubai Islamic Bank, the largest Shariah-compliant lender in the UAE, has opted to discontinue its popular 'Salary in Advance' service for customers. The decision, as conveyed in a statement, follows a comprehensive assessment of the bank's financial offerings, with an active exploration of alternative solutions underway.
Explaining the rationale behind the move, the Dubai-based bank emphasised the careful consideration and thorough evaluation undertaken regarding its financial product portfolio. While acknowledging the significance of the ‘Salary in Advance’ facility to certain customers, the bank expressed its commitment to finding alternative avenues to support their financial well-being.
Notably, several other local banks also provide similar services, making DIB's 'Salary in Advance' option a popular choice among residents seeking to alleviate financial strains. Many UAE residents rely on this facility during periods of financial difficulty or for urgent personal requirements.
Reaffirming its dedication to offering innovative financial solutions tailored to customers' evolving needs, the bank highlighted its ongoing efforts to assess and align its products and services with strategic objectives and regulatory standards.
The bank expressed appreciation for its customers' understanding during this transition period and pledged to keep them informed of any developments. Despite discontinuing the 'Salary in Advance' service, the bank said it remains focused on delivering optimal service and maintaining transparency with its clientele.
The bank reported exceptional performance in the previous year, achieving its highest profitability in history. Dubai Islamic Bank Group disclosed a net profit of Dh7 billion for 2023, marking a 26 per cent increase compared to the preceding year, primarily attributed to heightened non-funded income and reduced impairment charges.
7 Banks Continue to Offer Advance
Currently, several banks in the UAE offer advance salary service, catering to their customers’ emergency needs such as hospital bills, credit card payments, or unforeseen expenses. The service provides a significant relief for individuals facing urgent financial situations, often preferring it over borrowing from acquaintances.
To access this benefit, bank customers can seamlessly have their salaries credited in advance upon approval. This can be done with just a click through the bank’s portal, ATMs, customer service centre, or by visiting a branch. However, it's essential to note that each bank sets its own conditions and eligibility criteria, which employees should review before applying.
Some banks require customers not to transfer their salary to another bank while utilising the 'Salary in Advance' facility. Yet, others permit it under specific documentation submission. Additionally, some banks offer instant cash through a salary overdraft facility, providing a revolving credit option linked to their salary account.
Banks Currently Providing Advance Salary Services
Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank (ADIB): Customers can access up to 50 per cent of their salary on a Murabaha basis before payday, with competitive profit rates and zero processing fees.
Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank (ADCB): Offers salary advance against a one-time processing fee, providing instant access to cash up to 2.5 times the salary, with documentation required.
Ras Al Khaimah Bank: Provides salary advance at a set cost for registered RAKdirect customers with a monthly salary transfer to their RAKislamic Account.
United Arab Bank: Offers salary advance under the Islamic concept of Qard Al Hasan, with no interest, low fixed monthly fees, and a revolving overdraft facility.
Ajman Bank: Shariah-compliant bank offering temporary salary advance facility for salaried individuals with a minimum salary requirement, subject to terms and conditions.
Sharjah Islamic Bank: Provides salary advance options through digital platforms, ATMs, and service centers, with a processing fee upon availing the service.
Emirates NBD: Offers overdraft facility providing up to twice the salary amount, accessible via various channels with a minimum net income requirement and associated interest charges.
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"Till death do us part" – all marriages begin with this vow, yet many eventually part ways due to indifference and incompatibility between partners.
But have you heard about pets being the reason for divorce? Yes, pets have become a major cause of divorce in Kuwait.
According to reports, in 2023 alone, 40 cases of divorce among Kuwaiti couples were attributed to disputes arising from the care and attention given to cats and dogs within the household.
Cats and dogs are often the main instigators; partners feel that their spouses are more caring and affectionate towards the pets than towards their own family.
As pets become integral parts of the family, it's not easy to separate from them as individuals become psychologically attached to them. In one peculiar case, a husband contended that his partner's focus on the dog deprived him of the attention and care he deserved. In court, he lamented, "She should prioritise taking care of me over the dog that consumes all her attention."
The issue isn't limited to dogs; disputes over cats also arise, with some issuing ultimatums like, "It's either me or the cat." These disagreements often reach a deadlock, as neither side is willing to compromise on their pet-care practices.
However, this is not the only bizarre reason for divorce in Kuwait. Recently, a Kuwaiti man filed for divorce due to his wife’s obsession with olives. Yes, you heard it right – olives.
According to media reports, the husband's grievance revolves around his wife's fondness for olives, a preference he finds intolerable due to his aversion to the fruit's smell. Despite his efforts to address the issue with his wife and explain his discomfort, their differences persisted. Allegedly, the wife's refusal to compromise on her love for olives prompted the husband to file a lawsuit seeking damages for the purported harm caused by her culinary choices.
The list doesn’t end here; couples have their reasons to part ways, ranging from random pet peeves to food choices or daunting habits.
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