The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted industries worldwide, leading to unprecedented innovations and applications. However, this transformation also raises crucial questions about the protection of intellectual property (IP). As AI becomes more sophisticated and integrated into creative and business processes, existing IP laws face challenges in safeguarding the rights of creators, inventors, and owners of intangible assets.
1. AI and Intellectual Property: A Complex Relationship
AI-driven technologies, especially those utilizing machine learning (ML) and deep learning, have the ability to create content autonomously, such as music, literature, art, and even patented inventions. Traditionally, IP laws were designed to protect the rights of human creators and innovators, but AI’s ability to generate creative outputs independently introduces new complexities.
For example, the question of authorship arises: should AI systems, or their developers, be granted IP rights over creations produced by AI? Many jurisdictions, including the US and EU, still recognize human authorship as a fundamental prerequisite for IP protection, making it difficult to grant rights for AI-generated content.
2. Copyright Law and AI-Generated Content
One of the most pressing concerns is in the realm of copyright. Copyright law traditionally protects original works created by human intellect. With AI systems now capable of generating high-quality content, such as art and music, the challenge is determining who owns the rights to these works. Many argue that if AI merely assists a human in creating content, the human should be the rights holder. However, in instances where AI operates independently, a gap in the law emerges.
Solution Pathways: Some legal frameworks propose that AI-generated works should fall into the public domain unless a specific arrangement is made between the AI developer and the user. Others suggest a new form of IP protection tailored to AI-generated content, although this approach requires significant legal reforms.
3. Patents and AI-Driven Innovations
AI’s ability to autonomously invent new products or processes presents a unique challenge in patent law. Traditionally, patents are awarded to human inventors for novel, non-obvious inventions. However, with AI systems capable of discovering new drug formulations, software algorithms, and technological processes, patent offices worldwide are grappling with how to accommodate AI innovations.
The DABUS case, which involved an AI system inventing a food container and a light-emitting device, prompted international debate when patent applications were filed in its name. While South Africa became the first country to grant a patent to an AI-generated invention, other jurisdictions, such as the US, UK, and EU, have rejected such claims, reaffirming that inventorship remains a human-centric concept.
4. Data Ownership and Trade Secrets
AI systems heavily rely on vast datasets to train algorithms and make predictions. The ownership of these datasets raises further IP concerns. Companies that compile large, proprietary datasets often protect them through trade secret laws. However, as AI-driven tools increasingly rely on publicly available data to train their models, disputes over data ownership and usage rights are emerging.
AI’s ability to infer or deduce sensitive information from public data sources further complicates matters, as it risks breaching trade secrets, even if the data used is not directly protected. Protecting proprietary data, algorithms, and processes in an AI-driven world requires revisiting both trade secret and data privacy laws.
5. Challenges of Enforcement and Licensing in AI
Enforcing IP rights in the context of AI is another major challenge. As AI-generated content proliferates, tracking and monitoring unauthorized use of copyrighted material becomes increasingly difficult. The issue is further compounded by the cross-border nature of AI technologies, which often involve multiple jurisdictions with varying IP laws.
Licensing agreements for AI-created content also need revision. For instance, platforms like "Created by Humans" aim to provide a controlled environment where creators can license their work to AI developers, ensuring authors and rights holders maintain control over how their creations are used in AI systems.
6. Reforming IP Laws: The Path Forward
As AI continues to evolve, it is clear that IP laws must adapt to address the new challenges posed by these technologies. Some key areas for reform include:
Conclusion
The intersection of AI and intellectual property law presents both challenges and opportunities. While AI has the potential to drive innovation and creativity to new heights, it is essential to ensure that IP laws evolve to protect the rights of human creators and developers. Governments, industry stakeholders, and legal professionals must collaborate to build frameworks that balance innovation with protection, ensuring that IP rights remain relevant in the age of AI.
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Thesis, a cryptocurrency venture studio backed by Andreessen Horowitz, has appointed Katherine Snow as its new general counsel. Snow transitions from her role as chief legal officer at crypto data and research platform Messari, where she led the company’s global legal strategy and policy initiatives.
In her new position at Thesis, Snow will guide the legal team and navigate the regulatory challenges that impact the cryptocurrency and blockchain sectors. Thesis, known for building Bitcoin-related brands, includes platforms like Fold, a payments solution allowing users to spend Bitcoin in everyday transactions. The company is supported by prominent investors, including Fenbush Capital and Polychain Capital.
Matt Luongo, CEO of Thesis, praised Snow's expertise, stating, "Katherine’s deep understanding of fintech and blockchain regulations is crucial as we continue expanding our ecosystem. Her strategic insight will ensure Thesis remains innovative while effectively managing the global regulatory environment."
Snow brings a wealth of experience to Thesis, with nearly three years at Messari and prior roles as associate general counsel at Binance.US and a stint in Cooley’s blockchain and tokenization group. She began her legal career at Sherman & Howard before transitioning into the blockchain space.
Expressing her enthusiasm for the new role, Snow commented, "I’m thrilled to join Thesis at such a critical time for both the company and the blockchain industry. I look forward to helping the team tackle regulatory challenges while pushing forward innovative solutions in decentralized finance."
This move follows other notable appointments in the crypto sector. In August, crypto exchange Bitget appointed former Binance general counsel Hon Ng as its first chief legal officer. After Ng's departure from Binance in July 2023, Eleanor Hughes, a former Skadden Arps lawyer, was promoted to Binance's general counsel, overseeing legal operations in the Asia Pacific, Middle East, and North Africa regions.
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In an increasingly digital world, banks play a crucial role in safeguarding customers' financial information and ensuring secure transactions. However, when breaches occur, banks may be held liable in certain situations, particularly when negligence or lack of due diligence leads to financial losses. Below are 10 scenarios where banks can be held accountable for breaches on customer accounts.
Conclusion
Banks have a duty to protect their customers' financial information and ensure that their accounts are secure from breaches. Failure to fulfill these responsibilities can expose banks to legal liabilities and financial penalties. Customers who suffer from account breaches should be aware of their rights and the circumstances in which banks can be held accountable. By recognizing these situations, both customers and financial institutions can work toward reducing the risk of breaches and maintaining trust in the banking system.
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The National Labour Relations Board in the complaint announced claims on tech giant Apple of implementing illegal workplace rules that allegedly violate U.S. labour laws. The complaint stems from charges filed against Apple in 2021 by Ashley Gjovik, a former senior engineering manager at the company., claims that Apple’s workplace policies restrict employees from engaging in activities protected under federal law, such as discussing wages, organizing efforts, and other concerted activities.
The NLRB's investigation began after multiple employee complaints were filed, raising concerns about Apple’s strict confidentiality agreements and its monitoring of workplace discussions.
According to the labor board, these policies hinder workers' rights to unionize or speak openly about working conditions. The accusations follow a growing wave of labor movements in the tech industry, where workers are increasingly organizing to push for better pay, benefits, and work-life balance.
Apple, which has a reputation for maintaining a high level of secrecy surrounding its products and internal affairs, has found itself at odds with employees and labor rights advocates. In response, the company has defended its workplace policies, stating that they are designed to protect proprietary information and ensure a safe and respectful working environment.
"Apple is committed to creating and maintaining a positive and inclusive workplace," said a company spokesperson. "Our policies are intended to protect our employees, customers, and intellectual property."
This is not the first time Apple has faced scrutiny over its treatment of workers. In recent years, the company has seen a rise in employee activism, with workers at retail locations and corporate offices alike pushing for improved conditions and greater transparency.
The NLRB’s complaint marks another chapter in the ongoing battle between tech workers and major companies over labor rights. If found in violation of labor laws, Apple could be required to revise its workplace policies and potentially face penalties.
The case is expected to set a significant precedent for other companies in the tech sector, where employee organizing efforts are gaining momentum despite strict confidentiality policies. As the NLRB moves forward with the investigation, labor rights groups are closely watching how the case unfolds, as it may have broader implications for labor organizing across the industry.
The outcome of the NLRB's investigation into Apple's workplace policies could have far-reaching consequences for both the company and the broader tech industry. As labor movements gain strength and more employees push back against restrictive workplace rules, the case serves as a reminder of the growing tension between corporate control and workers' rights. Whether Apple will be required to change its practices remains to be seen, but the case is likely to set a significant precedent for how labor laws are enforced in the tech sector moving forward.
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Eviction is a legal process that occurs when a landlord decides to terminate a tenancy agreement, requiring the tenant to vacate the rental property. In Dubai, the Real Estate Regulatory Agency (RERA) plays a crucial role in regulating this process, ensuring fair treatment for both landlords and tenants. This article delves into the legal framework surrounding eviction notices in Dubai, using the recent case of The Gardens community as a focal point.
The Gardens Community: A Case of Eviction Notices
The Gardens, one of Dubai's oldest residential communities, became the centre of an emotional and legal conflict following the issuance of eviction notices by Nakheel, the property developer overseeing the area. Nakheel initiated a comprehensive refurbishment project to elevate living standards within The Gardens. However, this development led to hundreds of tenants receiving eviction notices, requiring them to vacate their apartments within a year. The notices, delivered in phases starting with Zone 2, left residents with limited time to find alternative housing, triggering widespread concern.
Legal Grounds for Eviction in Dubai
The legal basis for eviction in Dubai is outlined in two main provisions, Law No. 26 of 2007 and Law 33 of 2008, which amend Law No. 26 of 2007 concerning the regulation of the relationship between landlords and tenants. This law permits landlords to evict tenants under specific conditions, provided they adhere to the proper notice requirements.
Redevelopment or Refurbishment
A landlord in Dubai has the legal right to evict tenants if they plan to demolish the building or undertake significant renovations that cannot be completed with the tenants in residence. However, these plans require prior approval from local authorities to ensure compliance with regulatory standards. In the case of The Gardens, Nakheel's decision to refurbish the community falls under this category, as the planned renovations are extensive and necessitate the eviction of current residents.
Non-Payment of Rent
Tenants can also face eviction if they consistently fail to pay rent as the tenancy agreement stipulates. While this was not the reason for eviction in The Gardens, it remains one of the most common grounds for eviction across Dubai. The law mandates landlords provide 30 days written notice, allowing tenants a reasonable period to rectify the payment issue before further legal action is taken.
Breach of Contract
Eviction may be warranted if a tenant breaches the terms and conditions outlined in the rental agreement. This can include subletting without permission, making unauthorized alterations to the property, or using the property for purposes not agreed upon in the contract. The eviction process under this ground requires the landlord to issue a formal notice, allowing the tenant to resolve the breach before proceeding with eviction.
Personal Use by Landlord
Landlords have the right to evict tenants if they or their immediate family members intend to use the property for personal purposes, provided they do not own another property in Dubai. Following the eviction, the landlord or their family must occupy the property for at least two years. This ensures that the claim of personal use is genuine and not a pretext for other intentions, such as selling the property immediately after eviction.
Selling the Property
If a landlord decides to sell the property, they may also issue an eviction notice to the tenant. The landlord must follow the stipulated 12-month notice period, which must be served through a notary public or registered post. This allows tenants sufficient time to secure alternative accommodation.
Eviction Notice Process in Dubai
The eviction process in Dubai follows a structured procedure to ensure fairness. Initially, the landlord must serve a written notice to the tenant, clearly stating the reason for eviction and the required notice period. For redevelopment, refurbishment, or sale of property, the notice period is 12 months. This notice must be delivered through official channels, such as a notary public or registered mail, to be legally binding.
If the tenant fails to comply with the eviction notice, the landlord can escalate the matter to the Rental Dispute Settlement Centre (RDSC). The RDSC plays a pivotal role in mediating disputes between landlords and tenants. Should mediation fail, the case may proceed to a formal hearing, where the committee will issue a judgment based on the case's merits and applicable laws.
Comparing The Gardens Case with Dubai's Legal Framework
The Gardens eviction case is emblematic of the broader legal and emotional challenges tenants across Dubai face. While Nakheel's decision to evict tenants for refurbishment aligns with the legal grounds outlined in Dubai's rental laws, the impact on the tenants has been profound. The 12-month notice period, while legally sufficient, did little to alleviate the anxiety and financial strain experienced by the residents who had to leave their long-established homes and communities.
The legal framework in Dubai attempts to balance the rights of landlords with the protections afforded to tenants. However, the case of The Gardens highlights that legal compliance only sometimes equates to fairness from the tenant's perspective. The eviction process, though conducted within the bounds of the law, has resulted in significant disruption for the affected residents.
The actual grey area in this situation is where the middle-class families that live in this area, considering that several families have stayed here for decades due to the lower rents and convenience. When the landlord is granted with such power, asking the families to evict their houses without providing any form of alternatives really makes you question whether justice has been truly served. In the eyes of the law, justice has been served; however, for the hundreds of families who have seen these buildings as their homes, has justice been truly served?
Understanding the Legal and Emotional Complexities of Eviction
The eviction process in Dubai is governed by clear legal principles designed to protect both landlords and tenants. However, as seen in the case of The Gardens community, the legal right to evict does not necessarily mitigate the emotional and practical challenges tenants face. While property development is essential for the growth of cities like Dubai, such progress mustn't come at the expense of the well-being of residents.
Understanding the legal framework is essential for landlords and tenants navigating the complexities of eviction. Seeking legal advice ensures that the process is conducted fairly and within the boundaries of the law. However, it is equally important to consider the human impact of eviction and strive for solutions that respect the rights and needs of all parties involved.
The writer is a Real Estate Lawyer from NYK Law firm, specializes in Resolving Real estate disputes.
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A new initiative in Dubai will provide every newborn with a "learner’s passport" to track their educational journey and support parents in making informed decisions about their child's education. The Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA) announced this as part of the 'Education Strategy 2033'. The system, in collaboration with the Dubai Health Authority, aims to guarantee every child's right to education.
Aisha Miran, KHDA's Director-General, emphasized that the learner’s passport will register children of school-going age and monitor their enrollment. The system will help identify children who have not yet joined school, ensuring immediate action is taken to prevent any from missing out on education.
“When a child is born, they are added to the system, giving us a clear understanding of available educational stages. Information about nurseries and early learning centers will also be provided,” Miran explained. She highlighted that the current enrolment rate of Emirati children in early childhood centers is below the global average, affecting their academic growth. "Scientific studies show that 90 percent of a child’s brain development happens between zero to five years, making this a critical stage that shapes their future academic success."
The learner’s passport will also provide parents with comprehensive information about the educational paths available, including both academic and vocational options, helping them make more informed choices for their children.
Key Focus of 'Education Strategy 2033'
The strategy outlines several important goals:
The strategy also addresses the challenge of rising school fees, which has impacted access to quality education for many families.
Collective Effort for Better Education
Miran stressed the need for collaboration, engaging parents as key partners in the educational process. Awareness programs will empower parents to support their children's learning journey.
Since KHDA’s restructuring in 2005, Dubai’s educational system has seen significant progress. The number of schools has grown from 136 in 2007 to over 220, now serving more than 32,500 students in private education. Miran noted that 81% of students in private schools now receive a good or higher standard of education, a sharp increase from just 30% in 2007.
The 'Education Strategy 2033' aims to elevate education quality and meet the needs of Dubai’s diverse community, further enhancing the city’s global standing in education.
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In today’s economic climate, debt has become a significant burden for many individuals, especially young adults. From mounting student loans to high-interest credit card balances and the rising cost of living, debt can feel overwhelming and, at times, impossible to overcome. But in the face of these challenges, a growing movement of people is embracing a debt-free revolution, determined to reclaim their financial freedom through strategic planning, disciplined spending, and a mindset shift toward financial independence.
The Burden of Debt
Debt impacts much more than just your bank balance. It affects life choices, from delaying marriage and homeownership to limiting career opportunities. According to a recent survey, young adults are increasingly concerned about their financial futures, with many unable to see a path to debt elimination. Student loans, in particular, have reached all-time highs, with many graduates leaving school with tens of thousands of dollars to repay.
Credit card debt adds another layer of complexity. The ease of access to credit cards, coupled with high-interest rates, often leads individuals into a vicious cycle of debt that is difficult to escape. Meanwhile, rising living costs, especially in urban centers, stretch personal finances even further, making it harder to save or pay down debt.
Strategies for Overcoming Debt
Achieving financial freedom and overcoming the debt dilemma begins with adopting a comprehensive strategy that addresses both the psychological and financial aspects of debt management. Here’s how young adults are tackling their debt and setting themselves up for a brighter financial future:
1. Create a Detailed Budget
The foundation of any successful debt repayment plan is a clear understanding of your income and expenses. Creating a budget allows you to track your spending habits and identify areas where you can cut back. A well-thought-out budget should account for all essential expenses, such as housing, food, transportation, and minimum debt payments, while leaving room for discretionary spending.
Once you have a budget in place, allocate any surplus income toward paying down debt. A popular strategy is the 50/30/20 rule, where 50% of income is spent on needs, 30% on wants, and 20% is allocated to savings and debt repayment. Adjust this ratio as needed to ensure you are aggressively tackling your debt.
2. Adopt the Debt Snowball or Avalanche Method
There are two primary approaches to paying off debt: the Debt Snowball and the Debt Avalanche methods.
Both methods are effective, and the best approach depends on your personal preferences. Those motivated by quick results might prefer the Snowball method, while others who want to save on interest should choose the Avalanche method.
3. Refinance or Consolidate Debt
Debt consolidation can simplify your repayment process by combining multiple debts into a single loan with a lower interest rate. This is particularly useful for those with high-interest credit card debt. Personal loans or balance transfer credit cards can be good options to consolidate debt, often offering promotional low-interest periods that allow you to pay down the principal faster.
For student loans, refinancing may also be an option. Many private lenders offer lower interest rates compared to federal loans, but refinancing federal loans into private loans may result in losing certain benefits, such as income-driven repayment plans or loan forgiveness options. Make sure to weigh the pros and cons before making any changes.
4. Increase Your Income
In some cases, eliminating debt quickly requires increasing your income. Consider taking on a side job or freelance work to boost your earnings. Gig economy jobs such as ridesharing, freelance writing, or tutoring can provide extra cash that can be funneled directly toward your debt.
Additionally, ask for a raise at your current job or look for opportunities for career advancement that come with a higher salary. The extra income can significantly accelerate your debt repayment and bring you closer to financial independence.
5. Cut Unnecessary Expenses
Achieving financial freedom often requires sacrifices. Cutting back on non-essential spending can free up more money for debt repayment. This could mean reducing dining out, canceling unused subscriptions, or opting for cheaper alternatives to your regular expenses. Every dollar saved can be used to pay down debt faster.
Consider lifestyle changes that align with your financial goals, such as downsizing your living arrangements, carpooling, or adopting a minimalist mindset to avoid impulse purchases. The key is to stay disciplined and focus on the bigger picture of becoming debt-free.
6. Seek Professional Guidance
If your debt feels unmanageable, seeking professional help may be a wise decision. Financial advisors or credit counseling agencies can help you create a debt management plan tailored to your situation. In some cases, debt settlement programs can negotiate with creditors to lower your outstanding balances or interest rates.
7. Emergency Savings Fund
While it may seem counterintuitive, setting aside money for an emergency fund can be crucial in managing debt. An emergency fund prevents you from relying on credit cards or loans in case of unexpected expenses like medical bills or car repairs. Aim to save at least three to six months' worth of living expenses to provide a cushion for life's uncertainties.
The Importance of a Debt-Free Mindset
Overcoming debt is not just about numbers; it also requires a shift in mindset. Adopting a long-term approach to financial wellness and viewing debt elimination as a stepping stone to financial independence is key to staying motivated. Embrace the debt-free revolution by focusing on building healthy financial habits, such as living below your means, saving consistently, and making informed financial decisions.
The psychological benefits of being debt-free are profound. Many individuals report feeling less stressed and more empowered to make life choices without the burden of debt weighing them down. Financial freedom opens the door to opportunities like traveling, starting a business, or investing for the future.
Planning for a Debt-Free Future
Once you’ve tackled your debt, it’s important to plan for a financially stable future. Start by setting aside money for retirement, investing in assets that grow in value, and building your wealth through diversified investments such as stocks, real estate, or mutual funds.
Achieving financial independence is a journey, and staying debt-free requires ongoing discipline. Commit to living within your means, saving for future goals, and continually educating yourself about personal finance.
Conclusion
The debt-free revolution is not just a trend but a necessary shift in the way we approach our financial lives. Overcoming student loans, credit card balances, and rising living costs can seem daunting, but with a clear plan, disciplined spending, and a strong mindset, it is entirely achievable. By following these strategies, you can conquer your debt, reclaim your financial freedom, and lay the foundation for a prosperous future.
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The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) has delivered a unanimous ruling against Russia, finding the country responsible for systematic human rights violations in Crimea since 2014. The court's decision marks a significant international condemnation of Russia’s actions in Crimea, following its annexation of the region from Ukraine.
In its ruling, the ECHR outlined multiple violations, including unlawful arrests, restrictions on freedom of speech, and discrimination against ethnic minorities, particularly Crimean Tatars. The court found that Russia had systematically failed to uphold the basic human rights of Crimean residents, violating several articles of the European Convention on Human Rights.
This verdict follows years of international criticism regarding Russia’s control over Crimea and its impact on the region’s population. Human rights organizations and international observers have long documented abuses, including suppression of political dissent, unjust imprisonment, and the targeting of ethnic and religious groups who opposed Russia’s occupation.
The ECHR ruling is significant as it reinforces the broader international stance that Russia’s annexation of Crimea was unlawful and that the treatment of residents under its control violates international law. The court’s decision adds legal weight to the numerous reports and investigations that have highlighted the severe human rights situation in Crimea.
While the ruling is a symbolic victory for human rights advocates and Ukraine, enforcing the decision remains a challenge. Russia is not a member of the European Court of Human Rights, having exited the jurisdiction after widespread international sanctions were imposed following its 2022 invasion of Ukraine. As a result, while the court’s ruling is a powerful condemnation, its practical implications may be limited in compelling Russia to change its policies in Crimea.
Nonetheless, the ruling underscores the continued international pressure on Russia to account for its actions in Crimea and the broader conflict in Ukraine, maintaining the focus on the human rights violations occurring under its occupation.
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The 'Buy Now, Pay Later' (BNPL) trend, initially popularized for retail purchases such as smartphones and clothing, is now expanding to cover a wider range of financial needs in the UAE. Cost-conscious consumers can now access easier instalment-based payment options on rent, remittances, and even home renovations, providing relief amidst softer consumer spending trends.
Pay Later for Home Rentals
In a significant development for UAE tenants, a property portal announced this week that it is collaborating with select estate agents to offer tenants the flexibility of paying their annual rents in 12 monthly instalments. Previously, tenants were often required to pay rents in bulk through a few post-dated cheques, which could be financially burdensome.
Now, with the new instalment option, renters can spread out their payments using credit or debit cards over the course of the year. This initiative is currently available in Dubai, though there are plans to expand this service to other emirates soon. The portal has partnered with landlords, ensuring that property owners receive the full rent upfront through a third-party financing platform, Keyper, while tenants enjoy the benefit of smaller, manageable payments.
This move is expected to provide much-needed financial flexibility for tenants, particularly as living expenses and the cost of home rentals remain a significant portion of household budgets in the UAE.
Pay Later for Remittances
In addition to rent payments, the BNPL trend is also making waves in the remittance sector. UAE residents, particularly expatriates who frequently send money to their home countries, can now choose instalment payment options for their remittances.
This ‘pay later’ option is aimed at easing the financial burden on individuals sending large sums, especially during peak remittance periods like holidays or when families back home require urgent financial assistance. This innovative offering is poised to make financial planning easier for expats, helping them manage both their household expenses and overseas obligations more effectively.
Home Renovations Made Easier
The BNPL model is also extending into the home renovation sector, offering homeowners the flexibility to undertake improvements without facing immediate financial strain. With instalment plans, homeowners can now finance renovations—whether upgrading their kitchens, installing new furnishings, or undertaking structural improvements—while spreading out the cost over several months.
This development is expected to boost the local home renovation market, allowing residents to pursue their home improvement goals without dipping into savings or taking out large loans. As the UAE continues to witness a growing interest in property investments and home upgrades, this option could encourage more people to invest in enhancing their living spaces.
Adapting to Consumer Needs
The expansion of BNPL options to essential financial obligations like rent, remittances, and renovations reflects an evolving consumer landscape in the UAE. With inflationary pressures and fluctuating consumer spending trends, the availability of flexible payment solutions is likely to gain further traction. For many consumers, the ability to split significant expenses into smaller, interest-free payments offers a way to manage personal finances more effectively and make larger purchases more accessible.
The emergence of BNPL solutions in sectors beyond retail shows that companies are responding to the demand for more consumer-friendly financial tools. Whether it's monthly rent or sending money abroad, these options enable individuals to maintain better control over their cash flow without sacrificing their financial goals.
Market Growth and Future Prospects
Experts predict that the BNPL sector will continue to expand as more industries look to capitalize on its popularity. While the service is currently more widely adopted in Dubai, its expansion to other emirates could see rapid growth, driven by consumer demand for greater financial flexibility. Moreover, the UAE's fast-growing digital economy, coupled with high levels of smartphone usage, makes it an ideal market for BNPL services to thrive.
The convenience and ease of BNPL options are reshaping how people manage their financial commitments, and with the continued rise of fintech solutions, UAE residents can expect to see even more payment flexibility in the future.
Conclusion
As 'Buy Now, Pay Later' services move beyond traditional retail into essential expenses like rent, remittances, and home renovations, UAE consumers are gaining access to more manageable, flexible payment solutions. This growing trend reflects both an adaptation to changing consumer needs and a response to economic pressures, offering individuals greater control over their financial lives.
With further expansion planned across the UAE, the pay later movement is set to become an integral part of the country's financial ecosystem, providing consumers with enhanced options to ease their financial burdens and pursue their goals.
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Businesses in the UAE are currently navigating the relatively new corporate tax regime, with many still in the process of registering or preparing for their first filings. However, for companies that were incorporated in June 2023, the deadline to file their first corporate tax returns is approaching fast—September 30, 2024.
This marks an important milestone in the UAE's corporate tax landscape, as it represents the first round of returns to be filed by companies operating under the new regulations, which were announced last year. The majority of businesses in the UAE will not need to file their tax returns until later in 2025 for the financial year 2024. But for those incorporated in June 2023, the deadline comes sooner—just 12 months after their incorporation date.
Corporate Tax Landscape in the UAE
The introduction of corporate tax in the UAE is a significant shift from the country’s previous tax-free regime, aimed at enhancing its global standing and ensuring sustainable growth. The tax applies to most businesses operating within the UAE, with a rate of 9% on profits exceeding AED 375,000. Small businesses and startups are given some leeway, with various reliefs and exemptions available depending on their size, revenue, and industry.
Freelancers, for example, have been given an extended deadline to register for corporate tax, allowing more time to adjust to the new requirements. Similarly, small businesses are offered a three-year tax relief to help them ease into the tax system, as the UAE seeks to promote entrepreneurship while still ensuring compliance with the broader corporate tax regulations.
Preparing for the Deadline
Businesses incorporated in June 2023 should already have undergone the necessary steps for tax registration, which includes obtaining a Tax Registration Number (TRN) and maintaining proper financial records in accordance with the regulations. If not yet completed, companies are urged to finalize their registrations as quickly as possible, as the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) imposes penalties for late filings or non-compliance.
For those businesses approaching the September 30 deadline, it's essential to ensure that all relevant financial information is prepared and accurate. The returns will need to include details of the company’s revenue, deductible expenses, and taxable profits. It’s also vital to be aware of any specific tax exemptions or deductions that could apply based on the industry or business structure.
Companies should also be aware of their record-keeping obligations, as tax authorities may audit businesses to verify the accuracy of their filings. Maintaining clear and organized financial records, including receipts, invoices, and statements, is essential for long-term compliance under the new corporate tax laws.
Legal Implications for Non-Compliance
Failure to comply with the UAE’s corporate tax requirements can lead to serious consequences, including financial penalties and potential legal action. The FTA has set out specific penalties for businesses that fail to register for corporate tax or file their returns by the stipulated deadline. These penalties range from AED 500 to AED 50,000, depending on the severity and duration of the non-compliance. In extreme cases, repeat offenders may face additional sanctions, including business suspensions.
Moving Forward
As more businesses in the UAE become accustomed to the new corporate tax framework, the key focus remains on compliance and proper financial management. Companies that miss this September 30 deadline or those that neglect to register for corporate tax may find themselves facing hefty fines or legal complications. For those that have already completed their filings, it serves as a first step in adapting to the UAE’s evolving regulatory environment.
The corporate tax regime is designed to ensure long-term economic stability while fostering a fair and transparent business environment. Companies that invest time and effort into compliance will be better positioned to navigate future regulatory changes, ensuring sustainable growth in the UAE’s dynamic market.
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His Highness Sheikh Dr. Sultan bin Muhammad Al Qasimi, Ruler of Sharjah and Member of the Supreme Council, has issued a new rental law requiring landlords in the emirate to ratify rental contracts within 15 days of issuance. This law applies to properties leased for residential, commercial, industrial, or professional purposes in Sharjah.
Under the new regulations, if a landlord fails to ratify a lease contract within the stipulated period, the tenant can petition the judge of urgent matters to compel the landlord to certify the contract, according to the Sharjah Government Media Office. If the contract is not ratified by the municipality or relevant authorities, the landlord will face an administrative fine as outlined by the law's executive regulations, in addition to the standard certification fees.
The law further grants the municipality the authority to request a judge to obligate the landlord to ratify the lease and pay any associated fees and fines.
Written or Electronic Contracts Required
Both landlords and tenants are required to execute rental agreements in writing or electronically, using forms approved by the Executive Council of Sharjah. If a lease contract is not certified, either party may file a lawsuit with the Rental Disputes Centre. The landlord must pay the certification fees after confirming the lease's validity.
Landlord's Responsibilities
The law outlines several key obligations for landlords:
Tenant's Responsibilities
Tenants, under the new law, have several obligations, including:
Exemptions from the Law
Certain properties are exempt from the new regulations, including:
This law marks a significant shift in Sharjah’s rental landscape, ensuring greater accountability for landlords and providing additional protection for tenants in the emirate.
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Introduction
The rapid adoption and development of cryptocurrencies in the UAE are taking the country into the global map of being one of the big players in the digital finance markets. However, with this fast growth, the region is also experiencing a considerable increase in the number of scams regarding cryptocurrencies, particularly Tether (USDT)—the largest stablecoin in the world.
These scams have exploited regulatory loopholes and have gone after both individuals and businesses—both with major financial implications for all those involved. This article is a case study that will serve to investigate the nature of USDT scams in the UAE, legal frameworks within which these activities are going on, and necessary steps that need to be taken in order to improve regulatory oversight.
USDT Scams in the UAE Explained
UAE USDT scams have taken various forms, from simple phishing and fake investment opportunities to complex over-the-counter trading scams. Frauds in these types of scams usually trick victims into transferring USDT to wallets controlled by the scammers: many times in the form of high-return investment opportunities or as part of fake business transactions.
One of the most common methods is through a phishing scam, whereby unsuspecting victims receive fraudulent emails or messages purporting to be from legitimate cryptocurrency exchanges or wallets. These kinds of messages are often chock-full of links to false websites that are programmed to siphon off login credentials and clean out accounts. Another is the fake wallet scam, where scammers design fake wallet applications that appear genuine but are booby-trapped to harvest private keys and siphon off USDT from users.
More elaborate frauds are those of the over-the-counter trading scams that involve an impersonation as a broker or the middleman in huge USDT transactions. Most of these scams have very elaborate schemes where a victim is given a sense of security, and then the money is stolen in the process of transactions.
Legal System of Cryptocurrency in the UAE
UAE being a country of great potential about blockchain and cryptocurrency technology has been seen taking some significant moves to regulate the crypto industry. However, with the rapid evolution of the crypto space, challenges have emerged for regulators in keeping pace with the emerging threats, such as the rise in USDT scams.
What Regulation for Stablecoins, and What Impact on USDT?
This is the most recent regulation by the UAE Central Bank, which comes into effect by June 2023, posing quite a shift in the legal landscape for stablecoins like USDT. Only dirham-backed stablecoins will be allowed to do payments for the purchase of goods and services in the UAE according to this new regulation. As USDT is a US dollar-backed stablecoin, it does not feature in such transactions within the UAE.
However, virtual asset transactions remain permissible only for such purposes as the use of USDT and other foreign payment tokens to purchase non-fungible tokens (NFTs). This regulatory approach will be oriented toward bringing more structure and coherence into the market, thereby increasing the security of FinTech interactions with VASPs and protecting consumers from threats that might arise from unregulated stablecoins.
To operate or deal with Tether (USDT) in Dubai, businesses must comply with regulations set by several key authorities.
Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC) offers licenses for trading and managing crypto assets, including USDT. The DMCC Crypto License ensures companies adhere to strict compliance and anti-money laundering standards.
Dubai Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) specifically oversees virtual assets, including USDT, and issues licenses for activities such as trading and custody.
Central Bank of the UAE provides guidelines for licensed financial institutions dealing with virtual assets, ensuring broader financial system stability.
To legally deal with USDT in Dubai, businesses must engage with these authorities to obtain the appropriate licenses, depending on their specific activities.
Regulators were very categorical that all Crypto Asset Service Providers (CASPs) must register with relevant authorities and have obligations under KYC satisfied. This regulation is very important because it minimizes risks that can be associated with cryptocurrency being used in money laundering or fraud activities. While these measures are in place, USDT scams often seek to exploit the loopholes in the system, more so in most of the transactions being conducted outside regulated exchanges. The anonymity that comes with cryptocurrencies and the transactions being across borders make it quite hard for governments and agencies to trace, much less bring, the stolen assets back.
Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) and Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) Regulations
Also, the Dubai Financial Services Authority and the Abu Dhabi Global Market have moved to regulate the cryptocurrencies in their respective jurisdictions. For example, the DFSA has enacted a new framework for digital assets, including cryptocurrencies, to ensure protection for investors as well as market integrity.
In 2021, the DFSA issued the Consultation Paper 138 dealing with the regulation of security tokens, providing for regulation concerning cryptocurrencies like USDT. Such a framework mandates that firms providing activities in digital assets must be licensed by the DFSA and be subject to stringent regulatory requirements, including obligations for AML/CTF.
In the same vein, a very detailed regulatory framework for digital assets has been developed under the Abu Dhabi Global Market by the Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA). It mandates every entity participating in crypto asset activities to be licensed and follow strict regulatory standards. This involves maintaining high cybersecurity and ensuring that all operations are run transparently and traceable.
Criminal Code and Cybercrime Legislation
The UAE legal framework also contains provisions under the UAE Penal Code and the Cybercrime Law against combating fraud, including those perpetrated through digital means like cryptocurrency. In particular, Article 399 of the UAE Penal Code provides strict punishment for fraud, either by incarcerating a criminal up to two years along with fines. Moreover, the New UAE Cybercrime Law of 2021 provides for severe penalties for those who scam cryptocurrencies: they may be imprisoned for up to five years and fined anything between Dh250,000 and Dh1 million.
Legal Recourse of USDT Scam Victims
Victims of USDT scams in the UAE have several legal channels open to them for the recovery of their funds, but with the nature of cryptocurrency transactions, it is hard.
Civil Litigation and Criminal Prosecution
The victims can sue in the civil court for compensation of their losses against the scam perpetrators. This, in most cases, involves proving that the defendant was involved in some fraudulent activity and that the victim actually suffered moneywise from it. Such, according to UAE law, can be presented in the civil courts where the affected persons can sue for damages.
Another avenue of remedy is criminal prosecution, especially for large-scale fraud and money laundering. The UAE has strict anti-fraud laws, and the punishments meted out to convicted persons are usually strict, including lengthy jail terms and hefty fines. Article 399 of the UAE Penal Code is one of the statutes that aid in the prosecution of fraudsters.
Challenges in Recovering Funds
Being decentralized and anonymous, recovery of lost funds in a USDT scam can be an arduous task. The very nature of transactions in cryptocurrencies is such that they cannot be changed or reversed, as usual in traditional finance. This means that once the monies are transacted into the scammer's wallet, it may be irrecoverable.
However, the UAE authorities have made an effort to address this problem by collaborating with international law enforcement agencies and blockchain analytics companies to track stolen assets in the hope that bringing the culprits to justice would serve as a deterrent. More so, victims are urged to report scams to the relevant authorities: the UAE Central Bank, the DFSA, or the ADGM, in order to investigate the scams.
Increasing Regulatory Strengthening Actions Against USDT-Scams
Effectively combating the scams of USDT and providing protection to investors from the UAE would mean enhancing the regulatory framework, improving the enforcement mechanism, and may include:
Conclusion
The UAE is home to growing USDT scams, allowing culprits to exploit mass adoption in cryptocurrencies and current regulatory loopholes. In spite of all the progress that the UAE has achieved in crypto industry regulation, there remains a lot to achieve for the protection of investors from fraud. With improved measures of regulation, better enforcement, and enhanced public awareness, the UAE can check these risks associated with USDT scams and ensure a safer environment for cryptocurrency transactions.
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Johnson & Johnson's subsidiary, Red River Talc, filed for bankruptcy in a bid to secure an $8 billion settlement. This follows over 62,000 lawsuits alleging that J&J's talc products, including baby powder, were contaminated with asbestos, leading to ovarian and other cancers. While J&J denies these claims and asserts product safety, the company is deploying the "Texas two-step" bankruptcy strategy for a third time.
In this manoeuvre, J&J offloaded its talc liabilities to Red River Talc, which then declared bankruptcy under Chapter 11. This allows the company to propose a global settlement while avoiding a direct bankruptcy filing by J&J itself. With 83% of current claimants supporting the deal, J&J aims to resolve these lawsuits in one unified settlement. This marks J&J's third bankruptcy effort after previous attempts were dismissed by federal courts.
The settlement plan focuses on resolving claims tied to ovarian and other gynecological cancers, following earlier settlements regarding mesothelioma claims. Despite gaining significant support, J&J faces continued opposition from some plaintiffs and legal hurdles, including a U.S. Supreme Court ruling on Purdue Pharma's bankruptcy and proposed federal legislation that could limit the use of bankruptcy protection by financially healthy companies like J&J.
Global Bankruptcy Landscape: A Broader Scenario
Bankruptcy filings across the globe have seen significant fluctuations, particularly post-pandemic, with businesses and individuals facing economic pressures. Large corporations in sectors like retail, real estate, and healthcare have turned to bankruptcy to restructure their debts, notably under Chapter 11 in the U.S., which allows for a reorganization plan while continuing operations.
In Europe, the aftermath of COVID-19 saw a surge in bankruptcies, especially in small to medium enterprises (SMEs). Countries like Italy and Spain, which heavily rely on tourism and services, were particularly hit. New reforms in bankruptcy laws in these regions have focused on restructuring to preserve jobs rather than liquidation. In China, rising debt in real estate and technology sectors has led to several high-profile bankruptcies, triggering government intervention to stabilize these sectors.
The ongoing global economic uncertainties, driven by inflation, rising interest rates, and geopolitical tensions, continue to challenge both small businesses and large corporations alike. Johnson & Johnson's case is an example of how corporations leverage legal strategies in bankruptcy to address large-scale liabilities, but the broader trend shows bankruptcy as a crucial financial tool globally for navigating economic crises.
As we move forward, bankruptcy filings are expected to remain significant worldwide, driven by industry-specific downturns and broader economic pressures.
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Tupperware, the iconic brand known for its plastic food storage containers, has officially filed for bankruptcy, marking a significant chapter in its storied 77-year history. The company cited a shift in consumer behavior, with a move away from direct sales—a model that has long been its backbone—as the primary reason for its financial difficulties.
Once a household name, Tupperware gained popularity in the mid-20th century through its renowned ‘Tupperware parties,’ a pioneering sales strategy that relied on home demonstrations by independent sellers. However, more than a quarter-century later, this direct-selling model, which still constitutes the majority of Tupperware’s sales, has been hit hard by changes in the way consumers shop. The rise of online shopping and shifting preferences toward convenience have weakened the appeal of in-person sales, placing significant pressure on the company’s business.
Photographs taken on September 18, 2024, in Dearborn, Michigan, show shelves lined with Tupperware boxes for sale, highlighting the enduring presence of the brand in retail spaces, even as its direct sales operations struggle.
The filing follows a period of financial instability for the company, with declining sales and mounting debts. Efforts to modernize the business by expanding into retail and online markets have not been sufficient to offset the losses from its traditional sales model.
Tupperware’s bankruptcy underscores the challenges faced by legacy brands in adapting to a rapidly evolving consumer landscape. Despite attempts to reinvent itself, the company has struggled to compete with the flexibility and reach of digital-first businesses.
Tupperware’s future remains uncertain as it navigates the bankruptcy process, but for many, the brand will continue to evoke memories of a bygone era, when its products—and the social gatherings they spurred—were a staple of American homes.
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Dubai's real estate market has been marked by rapid growth and substantial foreign investment. To address this, Dubai Law No. 13/2008 on the Interim Real Estate Register, as amended by Dubai Law No. 9/2009, Dubai Law No. 19/2017, and Dubai Law No. 19/2020 (the "Law"), establishes key safeguards to protect both developers and buyers, particularly in off-plan property transactions. The Law provides a comprehensive legal framework for the registration and regulation of off-plan sales, promoting transparency and accountability. This article examines the Law’s critical provisions, amendments, and their practical impact on Dubai's real estate sector.
Understanding the Interim Real Estate Register
Under Article 3 of the Law, all transactions related to off-plan real estate units must be registered in the Interim Real Estate Register before they can be legally recognized. This register, maintained by the Dubai Land Department (DLD), documents all off-plan sales and related legal actions, ensuring that both developers and buyers are protected until the property is completed and transferred to the Real Estate Register. The law clearly states that any sale or other legal actions concerning off-plan units are void if not recorded in the Interim Real Estate Register. This measure prevents fraudulent or unauthorized sales and ensures that the legal interests of all parties are safeguarded.
Key Developer Obligations
Before selling off-plan properties, developers must meet certain requirements outlined in Article 4 of the Law. These include receiving ownership of the land and obtaining necessary approvals from relevant authorities. Developers must also ensure that all off-plan real estate units are properly registered before any sales or legal actions, such as mortgages, can be conducted, as mandated by Article 6 of the Law. Additionally, if a developer wishes to engage a real estate broker to market the project, Article 9 of the Law requires that the developer first enter into a formal contract with the broker in compliance with Dubai Regulation No. 85/2006, which governs the registration of real estate brokers.
Re-Sale of Off-Plan Properties
Re-selling off-plan properties follows a structured process to ensure transparency and legality: Buyers and sellers must first apply for a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the developer. The transaction is registered under the Oqood Management System, a platform developed by the DLD in conjunction with the Real Estate Regulatory Authority (RERA). The developer enters the buyer’s details into the system, and once the buyer pays the Oqood fees (4% of the property’s original price), a Certificate of Registration is issued. Upon completion of the property, and once the buyer has fulfilled all payment obligations, the property is transferred to the Real Estate Register in the buyer’s name. This process ensures that off-plan transactions are tracked from inception to completion, minimizing disputes and legal ambiguities.
Developer and Buyer Rights and Obligations
Developers and buyers both have clearly defined rights and obligations under Dubai Law No. 13/2008: Buyers are required to pay the purchase price, registration fees, and any costs associated with title deeds or NOC fees, unless otherwise agreed. Developers, while having no statutory obligations beyond registration, must comply with contractual commitments, especially regarding delivery timelines and accurate representations of the property. In case of disputes, Article 11 of the law provides a mechanism for developers to notify the DLD if a buyer defaults on their contractual obligations. Depending on the completion status of the project, developers can take various actions, such as requesting the DLD to auction the property or rescinding the sale and retaining a percentage of the unit's value.
Legal Remedies for Disputes
The law provides several remedies for both resale and off-plan transactions. With regard to resale properties: Under Article 272 of Federal Law No. 5/1985, either party may terminate the contract if the other fails to fulfill their obligations. If termination occurs, the parties must restore what they have received, or compensation is awarded under Article 274 if restitution is not possible. In the case of off-plan properties, the Dubai Law No. 19/2017 amends Article 11 of the Law to allow developers to rescind the contract and deregister the sale in case of non-payment by the buyer, without needing to approach the courts. However, buyers can challenge such deregistration.
Conclusion
Dubai Law No. 13/2008 and its amendments establish a comprehensive legal framework for managing off-plan property sales in Dubai. By ensuring that all transactions are properly recorded in the Interim Real Estate Register, the law protects both developers and buyers from fraudulent dealings and legal uncertainties. The amendments introduced in subsequent years have strengthened the protections for investors while providing developers with clear guidelines for enforcing contractual obligations. As Dubai’s real estate market continues to grow, the legal safeguards established by this law will play a crucial role in maintaining investor confidence and market stability.
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As the world grapples with the consequences of climate change, the concept of "ecocide"—acts that destroy ecosystems—is gaining traction as a potential international crime, akin to genocide or war crimes. Countries like Vanuatu, Fiji, and Samoa, particularly vulnerable to environmental degradation, have formally requested the International Criminal Court (ICC) to recognize ecocide as an international crime. This move could pave the way for prosecuting company leaders or even nations that knowingly contribute to environmental destruction.
However, the largest polluters, including China, Russia, India, and the United States, are not ICC members, which may challenge the effectiveness of any rulings. Despite this, proponents believe that criminalizing ecocide would create powerful deterrents, influencing policymakers to adopt stricter environmental protections. Jojo Mehta, co-founder of Stop Ecocide International, highlights that criminal law establishes both moral and legal boundaries, making extreme environmental harm unacceptable.
What is Ecocide?
The term ecocide was coined in the 1970s by Arthur Galston, a Yale University biologist, who campaigned against the use of the herbicide Agent Orange during the Vietnam War due to its devastating environmental and health impacts. Today, ecocide is being defined as “unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe, widespread, or long-term damage to the environment.” Examples include oil spills, deforestation, and the emission of large quantities of greenhouse gases by fossil fuel companies.
Ecocide in the UAE and GCC Context
For countries in the UAE and the GCC, which have experienced rapid industrialization and development, this debate could have significant implications. These nations are major oil producers, with economic models historically reliant on fossil fuel exports. At the same time, the region has seen increasing vulnerability to climate change, such as rising temperatures, water scarcity, and extreme weather events.
The UAE, in particular, has made significant strides in environmental sustainability. The UAE Net Zero by 2050 Strategic Initiative demonstrates the country’s commitment to reducing its carbon footprint, emphasizing renewable energy, sustainable city planning, and innovative technologies. Expo 2020 Dubai showcased these efforts on a global stage, reinforcing the UAE’s focus on a green economy.
However, the prospect of ecocide becoming an international crime could introduce legal and financial risks for companies in the region. For instance, oil spills or environmental damage from industrial projects might expose businesses to prosecution if ecocide were criminalized globally. This would put additional pressure on companies to adopt more sustainable practices and comply with evolving international regulations.
Ecocide as a Legal Framework for the GCC
In the GCC, where countries like Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the UAE are transitioning to more diversified economies, the legal recognition of ecocide might act as a catalyst for accelerating green initiatives. While these nations are not currently part of the ICC, introducing ecocide into international law could create new legal frameworks that might encourage or require regional collaboration on environmental protections.
From a legal perspective, the GCC countries would need to consider the impact on their industrial sectors, particularly oil and gas, construction, and tourism, which can have significant environmental footprints. Legal scholars argue that aligning national laws with international standards on environmental crimes may become essential for GCC nations as they seek to balance economic growth with sustainable development.
The Push for Accountability
For the low-lying island nations, the fight against ecocide is about survival. These nations, including Vanuatu and Fiji, are facing rising sea levels and increasingly destructive storms due to climate change. For them, criminalizing ecocide offers the potential for justice and deterring further environmental damage.
In the GCC, where climate change is also being felt, although in different forms, the push for accountability could resonate. Water scarcity, desertification, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events are real concerns. Legal recognition of environmental harm could help address these issues while ensuring that industries contribute to sustainability rather than environmental degradation.
Conclusion
The proposal to classify ecocide as an international crime signals a global shift toward holding individuals and nations accountable for environmental harm. For the UAE and GCC countries, this could mean increased international pressure to align with environmental protections, further supporting their sustainability goals. While the road to making ecocide an international crime may be long, it underscores the growing importance of protecting the environment in the face of climate change—a challenge that transcends borders and demands global cooperation
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The Central Bank of the UAE (CBUAE) has imposed a Dh5 million fine on an unnamed bank for breaching anti-money laundering (AML) regulations and for financing illegal organizations. The penalty was issued in accordance with Articles 89 and 137 of Federal Decree Law No. (14) of 2018, which governs the Central Bank’s role and the regulation of financial institutions, as well as Article 14 of Federal Decree Law No. (20) of 2018 on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism and Illegal Organizations.
The bank, which has not been publicly identified, was also ordered to report the CBUAE’s actions to its board of directors at its overseas headquarters. This directive reinforces the CBUAE’s commitment to ensuring that banking institutions operating in the UAE comply with the nation’s regulatory framework.
From a legal perspective, the imposition of this penalty highlights the rigorous standards set by UAE authorities to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. The Federal Decree Law No. (20) of 2018 sets out stringent guidelines for financial institutions, emphasizing their obligation to implement robust due diligence procedures, monitor suspicious activities, and report them to the relevant authorities. Failure to adhere to these regulations can lead to severe sanctions, as seen in this case.
The UAE’s legal framework surrounding AML is designed to uphold the integrity of the financial system and maintain the country’s international reputation as a transparent and secure financial hub. Financial institutions must follow strict compliance measures, including Know Your Customer (KYC) protocols, continuous monitoring of transactions, and thorough reporting mechanisms. Any failure to meet these obligations not only attracts financial penalties but can also result in reputational damage and further legal consequences for the institutions involved.
The CBUAE’s supervisory and regulatory mandates are intended to ensure that all banks, along with their owners and employees, fully comply with these legal standards to safeguard the transparency and integrity of the UAE’s banking sector.
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The International Charity Organisation (ICO) announces 'Correction of the Status of Violators' initiative to support illegal residents, with 600 applications to be processed in the first phase.
In a move to support individuals seeking legal residency in the UAE, the Ajman-based International Charity Organisation (ICO) has launched a significant initiative titled the ‘Correction of the Status of Violators’. The initiative, valued at Dh3 million, aims to assist those benefiting from the ongoing amnesty program for illegal residents by facilitating the completion of residency visa procedures. The amnesty offers individuals an opportunity to regularize their legal status in the UAE without facing penalties for past residency violations.
Key Aspects of the Initiative
The ICO's 'Correction of the Status of Violators' initiative is designed to provide financial support to amnesty seekers, covering the costs involved in obtaining legal residency visas. This move highlights the UAE's ongoing efforts to address issues faced by residents who have overstayed or violated the terms of their visas, allowing them to integrate back into society lawfully.
In the first phase of the initiative, the ICO will accept 600 applications from individuals who meet the program’s criteria. The applications will be processed under the guidelines set forth by the UAE's amnesty campaign, which focuses on exempting individuals from accrued fines and penalties associated with residency violations.
The Two-Month Amnesty Program
The two-month amnesty was launched by the Federal Authority for Identity and Citizenship, Customs and Ports Security (ICP) on September 1, 2024. During this period, applicants have two options: they can either amend their status to remain in the UAE legally by obtaining a valid visa, or they can choose to exit the country without incurring fines or penalties for overstaying. This temporary window offers significant relief for those who have violated residency laws, encouraging them to come forward without the fear of legal or financial repercussions.
Legal Framework of the Amnesty Program
The UAE’s amnesty program has been a vital component of its immigration policy, aiming to regulate the status of individuals who are in violation of residency laws. By offering exemptions from fines and penalties, the program encourages illegal residents to rectify their legal status. This reflects the UAE’s commitment to supporting expatriates and ensuring their rights within a lawful framework.
Under the Federal Residency Law, individuals who overstay their visa are typically subject to daily fines. However, during the amnesty period, these penalties are waived, offering violators a clear and accessible path to legal residency. The launch of the Dh3 million fund serves to support these individuals, covering necessary expenses such as application fees, documentation, and other procedural costs.
ICO’s Role in Supporting National Campaigns
Dr. Khalid Al Khaja, Secretary-General of the ICO, emphasized the organization's commitment to supporting national humanitarian campaigns, including the ongoing amnesty initiative. He explained that the 'Correction of the Status of Violators' aligns with the ICO’s broader mission to assist vulnerable communities and provide them with the resources they need to achieve stability.
The focus of this initiative is not only on regularizing residency status but also on promoting long-term social and economic stability for amnesty seekers and their families. By facilitating the legal residency process, the initiative helps individuals secure lawful employment, access social services, and fully integrate into the UAE’s community.
Legal Benefits and Broader Implications
From a legal perspective, the initiative provides critical relief to individuals facing financial difficulties related to their residency status. It enables them to resolve legal uncertainties surrounding their residency and avoid future complications. Regularizing residency status also opens up opportunities for lawful employment, healthcare access, and other government services, ensuring stability for individuals and their families.
The initiative demonstrates the UAE’s proactive approach in addressing immigration challenges while balancing national security with humanitarian considerations. The government’s consistent efforts to provide amnesty, coupled with financial support from organizations like the ICO, reflect a comprehensive strategy to manage immigration in a fair and just manner.
Conclusion
The ICO’s 'Correction of the Status of Violators' initiative, backed by Dh3 million in funding, offers much-needed assistance to individuals participating in the UAE’s amnesty program. By covering the costs associated with securing legal residency visas, the initiative helps individuals resolve their immigration issues and contributes to their long-term well-being. This initiative plays a crucial role in ensuring the success of the UAE’s national amnesty campaign, while also highlighting the importance of legal frameworks in fostering stability for all residents.
The two-month amnesty program, launched by the Federal Authority for Identity and Citizenship, Customs and Ports Security, provides a vital opportunity for illegal residents to rectify their status, whether through obtaining valid visas or exiting the UAE without penalties. This initiative not only represents a significant legal development but also sets a precedent for how government and charitable organizations can work together to offer a stable, lawful future for all residents.
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In the UAE, creditors, including banks, have the legal right to file lawsuits against companies facing financial difficulties to recover outstanding debts. In a limited liability company (LLC), partners’ liability is generally limited to their capital contribution. However, a bank may sue the company and its partners if personal guarantees were provided by the partners, which can lead to personal assets being at risk.
When an LLC is sued, the ruling and subsequent execution would typically target the company’s assets rather than the personal assets of the partners. However, if any partner has signed personal guarantees or taken loans on behalf of the company, they could be held personally liable, and their own assets could be subject to legal action. It is essential to review the terms of the agreements with creditors to understand the extent of personal liability.
If a partner decides to leave the company, it does not automatically exempt them from legal claims that arose during their tenure as a partner. The partner remains liable for debts and obligations incurred while they were a part of the company, even if they exit before legal proceedings conclude. Thus, departing a company in financial distress does not necessarily protect a partner from being involved in ongoing or future lawsuits related to prior obligations.
This legal framework underscores the importance of thoroughly reviewing partnership agreements and any personal guarantees given to creditors. For those facing legal action from creditors, it is strongly recommended to consult with a legal expert to assess the extent of liability and explore possible defenses or negotiations with the creditors.
In summary, partners of an LLC in the UAE are generally protected from personal liability unless personal guarantees are involved. However, leaving the company does not spare a partner from obligations incurred while they were involved. For any legal complexities, seeking professional legal advice is crucial to protect personal and business interests.
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Introduction
Motor insurance is a critical aspect of vehicle ownership in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It not only provides financial protection in the event of an accident but also ensures compliance with legal requirements. This article explores the various types of motor insurance available in the UAE, their benefits, legal requirements, and key considerations for policyholders.
Types of Motor Insurance
Comprehensive Insurance
Third-Party Liability Insurance
Third-Party Fire and Theft Insurance
Comprehensive motor insurance is the most extensive coverage option. It includes protection against damage to the insured vehicle, third-party liability, theft, fire, and natural disasters amongst others. Additionally, it covers damage to the vehicle caused by accidents, vandalism, and other unforeseen events. Comprehensive policies often include added benefits such as roadside assistance and rental car coverage.
Third-party liability insurance is the minimum legal requirement for vehicle owners in the UAE. It covers damages caused to other vehicles, property, or individuals in the event of an accident where the insured is at fault. This type of insurance is crucial for compliance with UAE traffic laws and provides essential protection against legal and financial liabilities.
This type of insurance combines third-party liability coverage with protection against fire and theft of the insured vehicle. While it does not cover damages from accidents, it offers financial protection in the event of a fire or theft. This is a more affordable option compared to comprehensive insurance but provides less coverage.
Legal Requirements
Under the UAE law, all vehicle owners are required to have at least third-party liability insurance. This ensures that all road users are financially protected in case of accidents involving other parties. Comprehensive insurance, while not mandatory, is highly recommended due to its extensive coverage and added benefits.
Benefits of Motor Insurance
Financial Protection
Legal Compliance
Peace of Mind
Motor insurance provides financial protection against the costs associated with vehicle damage, repairs, and third-party claims. Comprehensive insurance, in particular, offers broad coverage, reducing the financial burden on the policyholder in various scenarios.
Adhering to the legal requirement of having at least third-party liability insurance ensures compliance with the UAE traffic laws. Failure to maintain proper insurance can result in fines, penalties, and legal consequences.
Having adequate motor insurance offers peace of mind, knowing that you are protected against unforeseen events and financial liabilities. It also provides support in managing the stress and complications that arise from accidents or damages.
Key Considerations for Policyholders
Coverage Limits and Exclusions
Premium Costs
Claims Process
Policyholders should carefully review the coverage limits and exclusions of their insurance policy. Understanding what is covered and what is not will help in making informed decisions and avoiding surprises during claims.
The cost of motor insurance premiums can vary based on factors such as the type of coverage, the vehicle's make and model, and the policyholder's driving history. Comparing quotes from different insurers or seeking opinion from an insurance brokers can help in finding the best value for coverage.
Familiarizing oneself with the claims process is essential for efficient handling of any incidents. Ensuring that all necessary documentation is available and understanding the procedures will facilitate a smoother claims experience.
Conclusion
Motor insurance is a vital component of vehicle ownership in the UAE, offering both legal compliance and financial protection. Whether opting for comprehensive coverage or third-party liability insurance, policyholders should carefully assess their needs and select a policy that best suits their requirements. By staying informed about the types of coverage, legal obligations, and key considerations, vehicle owners can ensure a secure and compliant driving experience in the UAE.
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Businesses aiming to expand in the UAE frequently turn to local commercial agents for their expertise in business operations and networks within the country. In line with efforts to foster international business, the UAE government has introduced a new Federal Commercial Agency Code, which brings extensive reforms compared to the previous law governing commercial agencies.
Who Can Act as a Commercial Agent Under the New Law?
Under Article 2(1) of the new Commercial Agency Code, only UAE nationals or entities fully owned by UAE nationals are permitted to act as commercial agents. These include:
- A natural UAE national
- A public legal entity
- A private legal entity owned by public legal entities
- A private legal entity fully owned by UAE nationals
The Council of Ministers may also allow international companies not owned by UAE nationals to act as commercial agents for their own products, but only if they meet specific conditions:
1. The company does not have an existing commercial agent in the UAE.
2. The company is new to the commercial agency market in the UAE.
3. The company adheres to the limits and conditions set by the Council of Ministers.
Additionally, public joint-stock companies established in the UAE with at least 51% of their capital held by UAE nationals are also eligible to engage in commercial agency activities, as outlined in Article 2(3) and (4) of the Code.
Has the Contract Term for Commercial Agencies Changed?
Yes, the new law brings updates to contract terms. Article 6 states that if the agency agreement requires the agent to establish facilities such as display buildings, storage spaces, or repair centers, the minimum contract term must be five years. Otherwise, the term will depend on the agreement between the parties.
Changes to Termination of Commercial Agency Contracts
The new law significantly expands the grounds for terminating an agency contract. According to Article 9, contracts can now be terminated under several conditions, including:
- Expiration of the agreed term, unless renewed.
- Termination by either the principal or agent as per the contract’s terms.
- Mutual agreement to terminate before the contract ends.
- A final court decision.
- Other provisions mentioned in the law.
This marks a shift from the old law, which only allowed termination in cases of "material breach."
Can Agents Claim Compensation After Contract Termination?
Article 11 addresses compensation claims when an agency contract is terminated. If the contract ends and is not renewed, the agent may seek compensation from the principal for any losses incurred. The agent must demonstrate that their efforts led to the principal's success, and the termination deprived them of potential profits.
This provision is subject to any prior agreements between the parties regarding termination and compensation.
Application of the New Law to Existing Commercial Agencies
For agency contracts that were in effect before the new law came into force, the provisions for termination under Article 9(a) and (b) will not apply for the first two years after the law’s implementation. However, this grace period extends to 10 years for agents who have maintained their status for over a decade or whose investments exceed AED 100 million.
Dispute Resolution and Arbitration
The newly formed Commercial Agencies Committee, as established under Article 23, is the primary body responsible for resolving disputes between the principal and the agent. However, parties are not precluded from seeking arbitration if previously agreed upon. Furthermore, any decision made by the Committee can be referred to arbitration under Article 26 of the new law.
Conclusion
The new Federal Commercial Agency Code introduces significant updates regarding the roles, responsibilities, and protections of both principals and agents. It allows for more flexible termination terms, offers clearer avenues for compensation, and provides multiple options for dispute resolution. These reforms aim to strike a balance between promoting international business growth and protecting the interests of local agents.
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In today's world, technology has seamlessly integrated into daily life, improving the quality of living and offering indispensable tools such as smartphones and computers. However, the widespread use of these tools, particularly in capturing photos and sharing information, can sometimes result in legal risks if misused. In the UAE, Federal Decree-Law No. 34 of 2021 on Countering Rumours and Cybercrimes provides clear guidelines on these risks, focusing heavily on privacy violations.
Photography, although often seen as a benign and permissible activity, is strictly regulated when it infringes on an individual's privacy or personal life. Article 44 of this law sets forth stringent penalties for those who misuse technology to invade privacy. These include prison sentences of no less than six months and fines ranging from AED 150,000 to AED 500,000. Specific prohibited actions include:
1. Recording or sharing private conversations or communications without consent: This includes eavesdropping, intercepting, or disclosing private discussions or audio-visual material.
2. Taking unauthorized photographs: Whether in public or private spaces, capturing, distributing, or retaining images of individuals without their permission is unlawful.
3. Publishing any electronic content aimed at harming another's reputation: Even if the content is factual, if the intent is to damage a person’s reputation, it can lead to legal consequences.
4. Photographing victims of accidents or disasters without authorization: Sharing such sensitive content without permission is a violation of privacy.
5. Tracking or disclosing someone's location: Revealing or retaining location data without consent also falls under prohibited activities.
Furthermore, the law also punishes those who alter or manipulate recordings, images, or videos to harm or defame others. In such cases, the penalties are harsher, with imprisonment for at least one year and fines between AED 250,000 and AED 500,000.
For a crime to be established under this law, it must be proven that the perpetrator intended to harm someone’s reputation or invade their privacy using an information network or technology. However, if the individual is acting in good faith, such as reporting a crime or documenting unlawful behaviour, the criminal intent may be negated.
Conclusion
In the UAE, the legal framework around privacy violations through technology is stringent and comprehensive. Federal Decree-Law No. 34 of 2021 clearly outlines penalties for misuse of technology, including photography and sharing of personal data. With privacy increasingly under the spotlight, it is essential to navigate these laws carefully to avoid legal repercussions.
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Debt recovery in the UAE involves navigating a structured legal process, designed to balance the rights of both creditors and debtors while ensuring compliance with the country’s regulatory framework. With the UAE's growing economy and diverse business landscape, the need for effective debt collection mechanisms has become critical for maintaining financial stability. Understanding the debt recovery process in the UAE is essential for both creditors seeking to recover outstanding amounts and debtors looking to protect their rights.
Legal Framework Governing Debt Recovery in the UAE
The UAE’s debt recovery process is governed by several key laws, primarily falling under Federal Law No. 18 of 1993 (Commercial Transactions Law) and the Civil Procedures Law. These laws ensure that debt collection practices are transparent, fair, and compliant with international standards.
The Commercial Transactions Law outlines the rights and obligations of parties in commercial contracts, including debtors and creditors. It specifies the legal procedures creditors must follow to recover outstanding debts, which include serving formal notice, engaging in negotiations, and, if necessary, initiating court proceedings. The Civil Procedures Law, on the other hand, regulates how court cases are conducted, from filing a claim to enforcement.
Current Challenges in Debt Recovery
Both creditors and debtors face significant challenges in the debt recovery process in the UAE. For creditors, one of the biggest hurdles is dealing with uncooperative debtors who may delay payments, dispute the amount owed, or simply be difficult to locate. Legal proceedings can be lengthy and complicated, especially when a debtor tries to evade legal action by transferring assets or hiding financial information.
On the other hand, debtors are protected by UAE laws against unfair practices, such as harassment or excessive pressure from debt collectors. Creditors are required to comply with Central Bank regulations on debt collection, which prohibit unethical behaviour, including constant phone calls or unauthorized visits.
A major issue for debt recovery in the UAE is the cross-border nature of many financial transactions. Given the international character of Dubai and Abu Dhabi, where many expatriates reside, cases often involve foreign debtors, complicating the enforcement of judgments. While the UAE has treaties with several countries for mutual enforcement of court rulings, it can still be difficult to recover debts from individuals or companies based abroad.
The Role of Legal Professionals in Debt Recovery
The involvement of legal professionals and specialized agencies is crucial in debt recovery cases. Lawyers well-versed in the UAE legal system can assist creditors in filing cases, enforcing court rulings, and negotiating settlements. They play a key role in drafting debt agreements that include provisions for legal recourse in case of non-payment, which can be a preventive measure against future disputes.
In cases where legal action becomes inevitable, debt recovery lawyers can help navigate the complexities of the UAE court system, from initiating proceedings to obtaining enforcement orders. The UAE courts also allow creditors to file for provisional attachment orders, freezing a debtor’s assets before a judgment is passed, to prevent them from moving assets out of reach.
Strategies for Effective Debt Recovery
Given the complexities of debt recovery, it is advisable for creditors to adopt a proactive approach, which can include:
1. Negotiation and Settlement: Engaging with debtors through structured negotiations to reach a mutually agreeable settlement. This can help avoid lengthy court procedures and preserve business relationships.
2. Legal Recourse: Filing a case in the UAE courts when negotiations fail. Creditors can seek summary judgments, especially in cases where the debt is not contested, to speed up the process.
3. Third-Party Debt Collectors: Engaging licensed debt collection agencies in the UAE, which operate under strict regulations, to manage the collection process on behalf of creditors.
Legal Opinion and Current Scenario
The debt recovery landscape in the UAE has become more structured and efficient in recent years, particularly with the introduction of new bankruptcy laws and improved mechanisms for enforcement. The Bankruptcy Law (Federal Law No. 9 of 2016) has provided companies with a legal framework to restructure debts and avoid liquidation, thus offering more clarity to creditors on how to proceed with debt recovery from distressed companies.
Additionally, the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) courts have become a preferred venue for international debt recovery cases, as they offer faster resolution and are familiar with handling cross-border disputes. With the UAE’s focus on becoming a business-friendly destination, debt recovery laws will likely continue evolving to provide better protection for creditors while ensuring that debtors are treated fairly.
However, challenges remain, particularly regarding enforcement. While the UAE’s legal system allows for the seizure of assets and freezing of bank accounts, the actual execution of judgments can be delayed due to procedural backlogs or non-cooperation from debtors. The use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods, such as mediation, is increasingly being encouraged to resolve disputes more efficiently.
In conclusion, debt recovery in the UAE is a process that requires careful legal navigation, especially in today’s complex economic environment. With the right legal guidance and a clear understanding of local regulations, creditors can recover debts effectively while ensuring compliance with UAE laws. However, it is essential to stay updated on changes in the legal landscape to ensure a smooth debt recovery process.
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If you’ve encountered issues such as receiving a defective product or being charged full price despite an advertised discount, you can file a consumer complaint with the Department of Economy and Tourism (DET) in Dubai. Under Federal Decree No. 5 of 2023, consumers are protected against such practices and can seek compensation for damages caused by faulty goods or services. Suppliers are required to offer repairs, replacements, or refunds for defective products and must display accurate prices while avoiding misleading advertising.
Violations of the consumer protection law can result in fines up to Dh2 million and up to two years in prison, according to the updated law effective from October 2023.
Here’s how you can file a complaint:
Steps to Submit a Complaint:
1. Visit the Consumer Rights Website: Navigate to the official portal.
2. Access the Complaint Section: Click the menu icon (three stacked lines) on the left side of the page and select 'consumer complaints (C2B)' under 'Submit Complaint.'
3. Read the Guidelines: Review the provided information to understand who can file complaints, against which companies complaints are accepted, and what documents are needed.
4. Enter Personal Details: Provide your name, mobile number, email, and nationality.
5. Submit Complaint Information: Enter details about the company, commercial sector, type of complaint, and the issue at hand. Attach any supporting documents such as receipts or product images.
6. Agree to Terms and Submit: After reading the terms and conditions, submit the complaint.
7. Receive a Reference Number: A complaint reference number will be provided on the website and sent to your email and phone. You can use this number to track the status of your complaint.
By following these steps, consumers can ensure their rights are protected and hold suppliers accountable for any misconduct.
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The Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) introduced changes to its Prescribed Company (PC) framework through the revised Prescribed Companies Regulations 2024. These updates simplify and broaden the eligibility for establishing a PC, making it easier for businesses and individuals to hold or manage real estate and other GCC-registered assets.
The updated regulations allow any entity seeking to hold or control assets that require registration with a GCC authority—such as property or property interests—to form a PC. This ensures legal ownership, protection of rights, and public notice of the asset.
To support this transition, the DIFC has provided a six-month grace period for setting up a PC before acquiring real estate. This period begins at the PC's formation and ends once the shareholders submit proof of asset acquisition to the DIFC. The process is designed for simplicity, allowing PCs to be established quickly with a DIFC-registered address provided by a licensed Corporate Service Provider (CSP).
While foundations and trusts have traditionally been used to hold real estate in the UAE, the new PC regime offers a more flexible and efficient option for managing property assets across the GCC. PCs benefit from DIFC’s common law structure, low fees, streamlined registration, and the ability to use a licensed CSP as their registered office within the DIFC.
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Starting August 27, UAE residents and investors can now take action against cold callers who breach the newly enforced telemarketing regulations. These rules, designed to protect consumer rights, allow the public to file complaints directly with the federal or local authority responsible for licensing the telemarketer involved in the infraction.
How to Report Violations
If a resident receives a marketing call from a company, they can report it to the relevant authority. For instance, complaints about banking services should be directed to the Central Bank, while issues related to investment and securities should go to the Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA). Additionally, if telemarketers use personal mobile numbers to make sales calls, residents can report this violation via SMS by sending "REPORT" followed by the offending number to 1012.
New Telemarketing Rules
The UAE Cabinet Resolution No. 56 of 2024 outlines stringent rules for telemarketers, including:
Violators face hefty fines, ranging from AED 10,000 to AED 150,000, depending on the severity of the breach. Telemarketing companies must also secure prior approval before conducting their activities, with penalties escalating for repeat offenses.
Consumer Protection and Enforcement
The Central Bank oversees telephone marketing related to financial services, while the SCA handles issues involving securities and commodities. The Ministry of Economy (MoE) is tasked with monitoring compliance, ensuring that companies adhere to the new regulations and respect consumer privacy.
The MoE has introduced the 'Do Not Call Registry' (DNCR), a directory of phone numbers belonging to consumers who do not wish to receive telemarketing calls. The Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority (TDRA) is working with other organizations to implement the DNCR, enforce regulations, and raise public awareness.
These reforms underscore the UAE's commitment to creating a business environment that respects consumer rights and upholds privacy standards. By empowering residents to report violations and setting clear boundaries for telemarketing practices, the UAE aims to minimize unwanted marketing calls and ensure a more respectful and ethical approach to consumer interactions.
Planning a trip to Saudi Arabia from India? Whether you're drawn by the rich history, thrilling adventures, or endless shopping opportunities, one thing is essential before you embark on your journey: a valid visa. Keeping track of your visa status is crucial to ensure a smooth travel experience. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to check your Saudi visa status through various methods.
Online Methods to Check Saudi Visa Status
To check your Saudi visa status online, you'll need the following details:
With these details ready, follow these steps:
This method allows you to check your visa status online efficiently. For more specific updates, you can perform a MOFA Saudi Arabia visa check online to get the latest information.
Offline Methods to Check Saudi Visa Status
If you prefer offline methods, here’s what you can do:
Remember, the approval process may take some time, so it’s wise to contact the MOFA before visiting in person.
Checking Visa Status Using Your Passport Number
You can also check your Saudi visa status using your passport number through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ online portal. Here’s how:
The website will display all relevant information related to your visa application status.
Understanding the Validity of Saudi Visas
Different types of Saudi visas have varying validity periods:
Common Issues in Checking Visa Status
When checking your Saudi visa status, you might encounter the following issues:
What to Do if Your Visa Application is Rejected
If your Saudi visa application is rejected, here’s what you can do:
Regularly checking your Saudi visa status ensures that your travel plans go smoothly. Utilize these methods to stay informed and enjoy a hassle-free journey. Additionally, consider purchasing travel insurance to protect yourself from unforeseen circumstances during your trip.
Saudi Arabia is set to implement significant changes to its Labour Law, with amendments approved by the Saudi Council of Ministers that will come into effect in February 2025. These reforms are part of the Kingdom's broader efforts under Saudi Vision 2030 to enhance job stability, protect employee rights, and clearly define employer obligations.
The amendments involve updates to 38 articles, the removal of seven, and the introduction of two new provisions, reflecting a comprehensive review of global best practices and feedback from over 1,300 stakeholders. The key changes include:
These changes are designed to create a more attractive and equitable work environment in Saudi Arabia, aligning with the Kingdom's sustainable development goals and labour market strategy. The new amendments aim to boost the labour market, promote the development of human capital, and increase job opportunities for Saudi nationals.
The updated regulations will take effect 180 days after their publication in the Official Gazette. For more information, visit the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development’s website.
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In recent months, the AI industry has been under scrutiny, especially with advancements in artificial intelligence capabilities that utilize large language models. One of the notable players in this field, OpenAI, has found itself at the center of a legal storm, facing allegations of copyright infringement from prominent authors. These authors, including Pulitzer Prize winners and other bestselling writers, claim that OpenAI's models, like ChatGPT, have been trained on their copyrighted works without proper authorization or compensation. However, OpenAI has firmly denied these allegations, arguing that its practices comply with fair use principles and are integral to the technological innovation that drives the AI industry forward.
Background of the Allegations
The core of the controversy lies in how OpenAI trains its large language models. These models require vast amounts of text data to learn language patterns, syntax, semantics, and the ability to generate coherent and contextually relevant responses. According to the complaints filed, these data sets allegedly include books, articles, and other written works protected by copyright laws. Notable authors, including George R.R. Martin and John Grisham, have filed lawsuits, arguing that OpenAI's use of their literary works constitutes a direct infringement of their exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute their content.
OpenAI's Defense: Fair Use and Technological Innovation
In response to these allegations, OpenAI has mounted a robust defense, citing the doctrine of fair use as a legal shield. The company argues that the use of copyrighted texts in training its models constitutes a transformative use, which is a key factor in fair use analysis. OpenAI claims that the AI does not replicate or replace the original works but instead uses them to learn general language principles, which can then be applied to a wide range of tasks, from answering questions to creative writing prompts.
OpenAI’s spokesperson highlighted that the AI-generated outputs are not simple reproductions of the original texts. Rather, they are new creations that may be inspired by or reflect patterns learned from the training data. This transformative nature, OpenAI argues, places their use within the bounds of fair use, a concept embedded in U.S. copyright law to allow for new and innovative works that benefit society.
Moreover, OpenAI underscores the importance of AI development and innovation. The company believes that restrictive interpretations of copyright law that hamper the development of AI technologies could stifle creativity and technological progress. They argue that the benefits of AI, which include applications in healthcare, education, and other critical sectors, far outweigh the concerns posed by these lawsuits.
The Authors' Concerns: Protecting Creative Rights
On the other side of the argument, authors express concern about the potential erosion of their intellectual property rights. They argue that if companies can freely use their copyrighted works to train AI models without compensation or authorization, it could undermine the incentive structure that underpins the creative industry. Authors emphasize the need for a legal framework that protects their rights while balancing the interests of technological innovation.
The lawsuits filed against OpenAI not only seek monetary damages but also call for greater transparency in how AI companies use copyrighted materials. They advocate for mechanisms that would ensure authors are compensated for the use of their works in training AI systems, akin to the royalties they receive for other types of usage.
Legal Landscape and Potential Implications
The outcome of these lawsuits could have far-reaching implications for the AI industry and copyright law. If the courts rule in favor of the authors, it could set a precedent requiring AI companies to obtain licenses or permissions before using copyrighted works for training purposes. This could increase costs and regulatory requirements for developing AI technologies. Conversely, a ruling in favor of OpenAI could affirm the applicability of fair use in AI training, providing a legal framework that supports the continued growth and innovation of AI technologies.
The cases also raise broader questions about the balance between protecting intellectual property rights and promoting technological advancement. As AI continues to evolve and integrate more deeply into various sectors, the need for clear legal guidelines becomes more pressing. The decisions made in these cases could influence future legislation and policies, not only in the United States but globally, as other countries grapple with similar issues.
Conclusion
As the legal battle unfolds, both sides present compelling arguments. OpenAI's defense hinges on the transformative nature of AI and the broader societal benefits of technological progress, while authors focus on protecting their creative rights and ensuring fair compensation. The outcome of these cases will likely shape the future of AI development and the rights of content creators in the digital age.
Regardless of the verdict, it is evident that the legal, ethical, and societal implications of AI technologies require thoughtful consideration. Finding a balance that respects both the innovation brought by AI and the rights of creators is essential to fostering a future where technology and creativity can thrive together. As courts and policymakers navigate these uncharted waters, the decisions made will undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping the evolving landscape of intellectual property and artificial intelligence.
(The writer is a Associate specializing in Intellectual property and copywrite Law at The Law Reporters .)
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On 1st of September, 2024, Abu Dhabi will implement an amendment in the maternity leave policy extending the paid maternity leave to 90 days for certain private sector workers. This is in a way a welcome development in employment law which goes a long way in indicating the political commitment of the emirate to ensure that employees are able to blend work and family responsibilities better, particularly working mothers. From the employment lawyers’ perspective, it is important to know the relevance of this regulation with respect to the previous laws and how it facilitates the culture in the workplace for everyone to be more fair and supportive.
Maternity Leave Law before Current One
According to the old UAE Labor Law, private sector workers were eligible to avail superannuation paid maternity leave lasting up to 45 days for their first child if they had worked for the same employer continuously for a year. If an employee had served for less than one year, she was entitled to half pay during her maternity leave. In addition the law also allowed the woman an extra 100 days of time out but without pay provided the mother had every other reason excluding her baby from an operation on her abdomen.
While this earlier provision was progressive in the eyes of many across the world, other stakeholders, particularly the employees and advocacy groups, considered it inadequate. Most mothers found the 45-day period after childbirth and before going back to work too short when they were working without access to fund such financial needs of a baby. Moreover, there was a widespread perception that the short period of fully paid leave disadvantaged workplace gender parity because it usually created a dilemma for women between their work and family life.
New 90-Day Maternity Leave Law
This regulation, which comes into force on 1st September 2024, adds a further type of maternity benefit replacing sickness which allows up to 90 days paid maternity for certain categories of private employees working in Abu Dhabi. This unlimited conveyance extends regardless of the length of service of the employee who is in active service, so that all qualifying mothers are entitled to full pay during leave.
This change makes private sector employees’ maternity leave benefits more proportions to the public sector where 90 days of paid maternity leave has been awarded to female government workers. Abu dhabi may be providing this extended leave in recognition of mothers’ important positions in the workplace as well as in the home, thus making life a little easier for them during the difficult months postpartum.
The Significance of the Modern Maternity Leave Law
Promoting Gender Equality: An issuance of the new law particularly aims to enhance workplace gender equity. Because of the extended maternity leave in Abu Dhabi, women can bear their familial responsibilities while being active in the workplace, creating an equal sociocultural environment. This modification assists in the breaking down of the myth that only women can take care of the children and seek to provide employers with the vision of the future career of their female employees.
Improving Employee Satisfaction: Fair treatment happens at an organization where maternity leave is stretched to not less than 90 days and to a new mother. This enables a mother to recuperate from the effects of childbirth and to interact with her newborn adequately. This is very important for the new mothers’ and actually new borns’ physical and mental health. This extra time also reduces depression and anxiety that would occur in most women after having babies contributing to a good balance of work and family and less long term absenteeism.
Economic and Social Impact: The law therefore encourages working mothers making them contribute to the economic objectives of Abu Dhabi. It makes sure that all women who wish to combine family and work are able to do so by not having to leave jobs because they do not have enough maternity cover and hence the loss of talent and skills to the economy. Such retention of skills is beneficial in that it not only advances the companies but also the general level of productivity and economic development.
Embracing International Best Practices: The increasing duration of maternity leave has seen Abu Dhabi taken aback as one of the countries that cares for its employees. It is also within the framework of the labor compliance and best practices existing in the more developed countries thus boosting the image of the emirate as a well advanced and supportive environment for working mothers. This practice is expected to make the region attractive to more foreign companies and professionals further making Abu Dhabi an essential center of business activities in the world.
Legal Implication and Employers’ Duty: For employers, the new law means looking at existing human resource policies to make sure that compliance is achievable. Employers are going to need to make modifications to employee handbooks, contracts, maternity policies so that the new provisions on maternity leave are included in the documentation. However, there are adverse effects as employment lawyers will become essential in consultations pushing companies through this transition incorporating not the pain of doing things the wrong way but a finesse of best practices with the new laws.
The move by Abu Dhabi to increase the maternity leave to 90 days now applies for private sector employees is a very laudable step in assisting working mothers, addressing gender issues, and improving the welfare of families as a whole. This policy is not only consistent with other advanced nations but also adheres to the emirs strategy of enhancing a fair and reasonable workplace. We, as employment lawyers, must learn to interpret all these changes and their implications, guide our clients appropriately and promote appropriate policies that will continue enjoying the fundamental rights of the workers as well as their welfare.
The praise of the law cites it as a departure from the radical transformation of the same area by the claimed and even to concern such changes in other areas of increasing and establishing private sector maternity leave within the region as the yardstick of maternity policies.
If you're contemplating divorce in the UAE and need to address living arrangements and financial responsibilities before finalizing the process, it's essential to understand the legal framework and options available to you.
Creating a Legal Agreement
Before initiating divorce proceedings, you and your spouse can draft a legal agreement outlining how to manage shared expenses and living arrangements. This contract can include details on how you will handle rent, utilities, and other costs associated with your current residence.
According to UAE law, specifically Article 129 of Federal Law No. (5) of 1985 (Concerning the Issuance of the Civil Transactions Law), for a contract to be valid, it must meet certain criteria:
Mutual agreement on essential elements.
A clear and permissible subject matter.
A lawful purpose for the obligations outlined.
Additionally, Article 126 of the UAE Civil Transactions Law provides that a contract may pertain to various subjects, including property and services, as long as they are not prohibited by law or public morals.
Drafting the Agreement
In drafting this agreement, both parties should agree on the terms concerning future expenses and responsibilities. This contract will be crucial in clarifying each party's financial obligations and arrangements after the divorce.
Filing for Divorce
Once you and your spouse have agreed on the terms and signed the agreement, you can proceed with filing for a mutual consent divorce at the Personal Status Court with competent jurisdiction in the UAE. During the divorce process, you may submit this settlement agreement to the court for review.
The Personal Status Court will evaluate the agreement as part of the divorce proceedings, ensuring it aligns with the requirements set out in Federal Law No. 28 of 2005 on Personal Status. This step helps in formalizing your financial and living arrangements as part of the divorce settlement.
By taking these steps, you can effectively manage the division of living expenses and ensure a smoother transition during the divorce process.
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Income tax has been a hot topic among Indians, particularly the 'Middle Class,' ever since the Union Budget was unveiled in July.
However, the impact of income tax may soon extend beyond India’s borders, as reports suggest that Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries could begin implementing income taxes, with Oman potentially leading the charge.
Oman may become the first GCC country -- encompassing Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Bahrain -- to impose income tax on its residents.
The Omani government is expected to levy a tax rate of 5 to 9 per cent on individuals earning more than Rs84 lakh annually.
This new tax policy could affect approximately 600,000 Indians living and working in Oman, many of whom send substantial remittances back to India, reportedly amounting to Rs27,000 crore.
This development comes as other Gulf nations, including Kuwait, are also considering ending their zero-income tax policies. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia and the UAE remain committed to maintaining their tax-free systems.
Changing Dynamics
The broader Indian diaspora across the Gulf region could face significant impacts if these tax changes take effect. According to Indian government data, 8.9 million Indians work in the GCC nations.
Historically, these petro-monarchies, bolstered by the oil boom, have operated welfare-oriented systems funded by state revenues, with minimal taxation.
However, the landscape is shifting. With dwindling oil reserves and reduced reliance on petroleum products—partly due to the global push for green energy—Gulf nations are increasingly seeking alternative revenue sources to sustain their economies.
In addition to expanding business and tourism sectors, taxing goods has emerged as a strategy to keep their economies afloat.
Saudi Arabia currently imposes a 15 per cent Value Added Tax (VAT) on most goods, a trend that could extend to further taxation measures, potentially impacting the Indian immigrant workforce in the region.
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A total of 107,329 establishments were found to be non-compliant with various provisions of the Labour Law during inspections conducted by officials from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development.
Since the start of 2024 up to mid-July, the ministry’s teams have inspected over 700,200 private sector firms across the Kingdom.
This initiative forms part of the Ministry’s continued efforts to regulate and monitor the labour market, ensuring compliance with Labour Law regulations, according to the Saudi Press Agency.
Violations included issues related to salary payments and Saudisation. Specifically, 59,891 employers were found to have failed to increase wages as mandated by the ministry, while 16,295 cases involved employees who had not received their salaries.
Additionally, there were 7,662 instances of foreigners being employed in roles reserved exclusively for Saudi nationals.
The Ministry has issued 88,776 warnings to establishments in breach of the law. Efforts have been intensified to ensure compliance with job localisation decisions during visits to 522,092 establishments.
These visits resulted in 9,712 job opportunities for Saudi citizens and helped achieve targeted localisation rates in several sectors.
The proportion of establishments adhering to Saudisation requirements has risen to 93.5 per cent. In collaboration with relevant authorities, the monitoring teams conducted 840 visits to petrol stations and service centres throughout the Kingdom.
The Ministry has reported that inspections are ongoing across all regions and governorates of the Kingdom. It has encouraged individuals to report any violations by calling the unified number 19911 or by using the Ministry’s smartphone application.
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The UK remains a popular summer destination for UAE residents seeking respite from the intense heat.
The cooler, cloudier weather provides a refreshing contrast to the UAE's sun-drenched climate, and the relatively short flight adds to its appeal.
For UAE nationals, the ETA offers a quick, digital application process through a mobile app, with swift decision-making. However, other nationalities residing in the UAE will still need to apply for a visa. Here’s how to apply:
Determine the Visa Type: Identify the type of visa you need. The most common for short visits is the 'Standard Visitor Visa', though there are various categories depending on your purpose and duration of stay.
Gather Documentation: Collect the required documents based on your visa type.
Apply Online: Submit your application through the official UK Government website (www.gov.uk).
Pay the Fee: Pay the visa fee online. After payment, you'll receive a reference number for your application.
Upload Documents: Submit all necessary documents online with your application.
Book an Appointment: Schedule a visit to your nearest VFS Application Centre to provide biometric data.
Receive a Decision: You’ll be notified of your visa status. If approved, you can collect your passport from the VFS Centre or choose to have it delivered for an additional courier fee.
Cost: The 'Standard Visitor Visa' costs £115 (approximately Dh 554) for stays of up to six months.
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If you have recently applied for a Saudi visit or residence visa and wish to check the status of your application, you can easily do so through the online platform provided by the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) – ksavisa.sa.
This platform not only allows you to track your visa application but also verifies the authenticity of your visa, especially if you applied through a third-party agent.
Steps to Follow
1 Visit ksavisa.sa: Click on the “Track Application” option at the top of the screen.
2 Enter Your Details: If you applied through a third-party agent, you should have received a visa number. Enter this visa number along with your passport number, complete the captcha, and click on “Track My Application.”
* You will then be able to scroll down and view details of your visa application, such as the application number and your name.
3 View the Status: Click on “View,” and a pop-up will inform you whether the visa has been issued, along with a reference number.
4 Check Visa Details: Close the pop-up, and you will see a copy of your visa with details such as:
* Visa number
* Date of validity and expiry
* Duration of stay allowed on the visa
According to MoFA, it typically takes around three working days for a visa to be issued after the application is submitted. However, processing times may vary in some cases.
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If you're not a British citizen and are wondering whether you can own property in the UK, the answer is yes. Non-residents can buy property in the UK, regardless of their place of residence.
Many expatriates dream of owning property in the UK, whether they are investing, seeking a vacation home, or planning for future needs.
While purchasing property in the UK is generally straightforward, it can be easier if you're a cash buyer, as this avoids the complexities of obtaining a mortgage. If you need to finance your purchase with a loan, the process may be more complicated.
Let’s delve into how buying on loan might impact your property acquisition.
Loan Obstacles
While purchasing UK property is generally easy, it has not always been easy for those living overseas. Non-UK citizens often face difficulties securing loans to buy property (mortgages) in the UK due to factors such as receiving salaries in foreign currency, lacking a UK credit history, or encountering strict lending criteria from many high street lenders.
Additionally, obtaining a mortgage requires substantial paperwork, including three months of bank statements, payslips, identification, and proof of address.
For a non-UK resident expat living thousands of miles away, with no realistic way of meeting a local mortgage broker, these requirements can make the process challenging.
There have been instances where mortgage lenders were hesitant to lend to overseas borrowers due to the additional work involved.
Moreover, Banks are concerned about the risk each borrower poses and the likelihood of losing money if they approve a loan. When a customer resides in the UK, it is easier for banks to locate them or their property if necessary.
However, if the borrower lives abroad, the bank must deal with another country’s legal system, making it more challenging to resolve lending issues. For many banks, this complexity has been enough to avoid offering mortgages to expats altogether.
Changed Scenario
However, this situation has changed. Over the past decade, a growing number of UK lenders have specialised in offering mortgages and short-term finance tailored specifically for non-UK citizens buying or refinancing UK property.
These lenders have addressed some of the biggest challenges expats face, such as the inability to meet banks or brokers in person, difficulties in returning documentation to the UK, and ensuring all parties in the transaction are aligned.
To verify that your mortgage lender is accredited and licensed, you can check the UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) registry (https://register.fca.org.uk/).
Most lenders now eliminate the need for clients to be in the UK, with all communication conducted via email, phone, or video call. They also work with lenders who accept online payslips, online bank statements, and ID certified by someone in your country, which can then be couriered to the UK.
Clients are assigned specialists who provide regular updates. These lenders also connect clients with solicitors, surveyors, and property professionals to expedite the loan process.These UK-based financiers offer mortgages and short-term finance ranging from £250,000 to £100 million, with terms from 3 months to 30 years.
Loans
There are various types of loans available, but the most popular among expats are residential and buy-to-let mortgages. If you or a family member plans to live in the property, you will need a residential mortgage. Otherwise, if the property is intended for rental, you will require a buy-to-let mortgage.
Residential mortgages are the largest and most common form of credit in the UK, enabling millions to purchase homes. The average home in the UK currently costs around £234,000, with significant regional variations. For instance, in London, the average is over £400,000.
Unless you are fortunate enough to have hundreds of thousands of pounds in savings, you will need to borrow a significant sum of money. This is where a residential mortgage comes in.
Residential Mortgages
A residential mortgage is a large, long-term loan taken out by one or more individuals to buy a home to live in. The property must be used as a residence by the borrowers, not rented out or used for commercial purposes.
Residential mortgages are regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), which guarantees consumer rights across the UK. However, because residential mortgage providers must be FCA-accredited, not every lender offers these products. Nonetheless, some mainstream lenders are keen to offer mortgage products to overseas customers.
Although options may be limited due to FCA requirements, expats still have access to reliable and competitive lenders in the mortgage market. Specialist mortgage brokers can also help source the best products for both British and non-British expatriates.
Buy-to-Let Mortgages
A buy-to-let mortgage is a secured loan for individuals who wish to buy property to rent out to tenants. These mortgages have become increasingly popular among expats, allowing them to retain potentially valuable UK real estate for future use or sale, while the rental income often covers the mortgage costs.
Buy-to-let investments are ideal for expats who want to keep their options open, explaining their continued popularity.
Buy-to-let mortgages are generally more expensive than residential mortgages, even for UK customers.
They usually require a larger deposit and incur a higher interest rate, as lenders seek extra security against potential periods without tenants or non-payment of rent, which could lead to missed mortgage payments.
Recent Changes
The UK government recently increased Stamp Duty for buy-to-let properties by 3 per cent and reduced tax relief for landlords. Certain types of buy-to-let mortgages are complex, and expats need to fully understand the requirements to secure the best deal.
FCA Certification
Banks need FCA certification to provide residential mortgage loans, but most banks large enough to be FCA-accredited focus primarily on their UK customers, not overseas ones.
Taxes
First-time buyers purchasing a buy-to-let property will not have to pay the buy-to-let stamp duty rates if they intend to live in the property. However, overseas buyers looking solely to invest and rent out will be subject to an additional 2 per cent stamp duty.
Previously, overseas buyers were subject to the same stamp duty rates as UK residents. Now, anyone buying a property costing more than £125,000, who is not a first-time buyer, must pay stamp duty. With more taxes on the horizon, now might be an ideal time to invest.
Types of Interest Rates
Interest-only: Payments cover only the interest for a set period, with the principal repaid later.
Compound Interest (Rolled-up): Interest calculated on the accumulated interest and the principal.
Fixed Interest Rate: The interest rate remains constant for the loan term.
Tracker Interest: Pegged to the Bank of England’s base rate plus a pre-agreed charge.
Variable Interest Rate: The lender can adjust the interest rate, affecting mortgage costs.
Understanding these terms and options will help you navigate the UK property market effectively.
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In the first half of 2024, 184 foreign companies relocated their regional headquarters to Saudi Arabia following the acquisition of investment licences, as reported by the Ministry of Investment of Saudi Arabia (MISA).
This surge is attributed to the Kingdom's relentless efforts to enhance the investment environment and improve the investor experience.
During the second quarter of 2024, 57 companies secured investment licences to relocate their regional headquarters to Saudi Arabia, marking an 84 per cent increase compared to the same period in 2023.
This follows 127 licences issued in the first quarter, bringing the total to 184 licences for the first half of the year, according to the “Saudi Economy and Investment Monitor” report for the second quarter of 2024.
Additionally, MISA processed 4,709 applications for ‘Investor Visit’ visas, which facilitate visits for investors from outside the Kingdom to explore opportunities. The ministry also addressed 38 investor challenges, including legislative and procedural issues.
The report highlights a 49.6 per cent increase in issued investment licences, reaching 2,728 compared to 1,824 in the same period last year. This figure excludes licences granted under the campaign to correct the status of violators of the Anti-Commercial Cover-Up Law, as reported by Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper.
Investment licences were predominantly issued in the sectors of construction, manufacturing, professional, educational and technical activities, information and communications, accommodation and food services and wholesale and retail trade.
Mining and quarrying saw the most significant growth in licence issuance during the second quarter, with a 209.1 per cent increase compared to the previous year. This was followed by other services and activities, with growth rates of 110.5 per cent and 96.3 per cent, respectively.
The report also outlines key initiatives to support investment in the second quarter of 2024. Notably, the Ministry of Economy and Planning launched the “Sustainability Pioneers” programme in Riyadh, aimed at advancing sustainability across the country by fostering cooperation between leading companies in vital sectors.
This initiative is integral to the Kingdom’s comprehensive strategy for addressing environmental challenges and accelerating its transition to a green economy in line with Saudi Vision 2030.
The Sustainability Pioneers programme underscores the importance of public-private sector collaboration in achieving global sustainability and environmental protection goals.
Additionally, the Fashion Commission, in collaboration with the “Mohammed bin Salman Non-Profit City” (Misk City), launched “The Lab” initiative in Riyadh.
This first-of-its-kind studio in the Kingdom aims to advance the fashion industry by offering designers training and resources to streamline the manufacturing process, enhance investment opportunities, and ensure industry prosperity.
The report also highlights the recent establishment of the Saudi-British Strategic Partnership Council, designed to strengthen mutual economic partnerships in 13 key sectors.
This forum facilitates the exchange of expertise and review of best practices in priority areas, aiming to boost trade exchange and enhance collaboration between the two countries.
In November 2024, the Saudi Investment Marketing Authority will host the 28th World Investment Conference in Riyadh, in partnership with the World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies, reflecting the Kingdom’s commitment to leading digital transformation, sustainability, and global cooperation.
The report touches on advancements in the education sector, a key component of the country's strategy for sustainable development.
Notable achievements include attracting foreign investments in 13 private-public education companies, allowing distinguished international universities to establish branches in the Kingdom, and encouraging investment in university education.
The report also notes the forthcoming opening of additional international universities. Among the achievements, four Saudi universities have been recognised for their high number of patents, enhancing the Kingdom’s global competitiveness.
Furthermore, eight international schools have recently been established in Riyadh, including Beach Hall, King’s College, One World International, Downe House, Aldenham, SEK, Packwood and RGS international schools.
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The Saudi General Directorate of Passports has announced that expatriates who fail to renew their IDs on time will face a fine three days after the ID expires.
For a first-time delay, a fine of SR500 will be applied. Should the renewal be delayed again, the penalty will increase to SR1,000. To simplify the renewal process, residents can use the Absher platform, which allows for electronic renewal of resident IDs for family members or domestic workers.
To renew an ID via Absher, users must log in to the Absher Individuals platform with their username or ID number and password. After receiving a verification text message on their registered mobile number, they can access the main page of Absher services.
From there, navigate to e-services, select Sponsor Services, and choose “Iqama Renewal” from the list. After reviewing the service instructions, users can select the individual whose residency or ID is to be renewed, confirm the details, and complete the renewal process.
Conditions
To process the renewal, several conditions must be met:
Payment of the required fees for the desired period.
Absence of unpaid traffic violations registered against the beneficiary.
Verification that the beneficiary’s passport is valid.
Confirmation that the beneficiary is not listed as absent from work.
Registration of the beneficiary’s fingerprint and photo, as well as those of any family members aged over 6 years, in the system.
Each family member must have their own passport; no family members should be included in the beneficiary’s passport.
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The Kerala High Court has requested an unredacted version of the Justice Hema Committee Report on the working conditions of women in the film industry, to assess whether any findings warrant criminal investigation.
The Bench, led by Acting Chief Justice A. Muhamed Mustaque, has ordered the State to submit a complete, unredacted copy of the report to the Court in a sealed cover.
The Court was hearing a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) petition calling for criminal action against individuals accused of sexual offences as identified in the report, which was publicly released in a redacted form earlier this week (on August 19).
The Court expressed concerns about how to approach the matter, particularly in light of the vulnerable witnesses who provided testimony to the Committee regarding the sexual harassment and abuse they experienced.
These testimonies were recorded under assurances of confidentiality, the Court noted.
"We understand the petitioners' predicament. Should we summon the records?
The witnesses who have come forward belong to vulnerable sections of society and cannot seek help elsewhere. What do you propose we do?
If these individuals were capable of filing complaints, they would have approached the police; instead, they confided in the Committee. What can be done now to ensure their efforts are not in vain?" the Court asked.
The petition was filed by Navas A, also known as Paichira Navas. He urged the Court to direct the Director General of Police (DGP) to initiate criminal proceedings based on the findings of the Justice Hema Committee Report, arguing that the State has a duty to prosecute those who have committed cognisable offences.
The Justice K. Hema Committee was established by the Kerala government in 2017 following a petition by the 'Women in Cinema Collective' to investigate the issues faced by women in the film industry. The Committee submitted its findings to the State in 2019.
The State Information Commission (SIC) later permitted certain parties, including journalists, to access the report after redacting personal information to protect the privacy of witnesses.
The report was released on August 19, following two unsuccessful court challenges to prevent its publication.
The counsel representing Navas asserted that the information disclosed in the Justice Hema Committee Report is sufficient to justify criminal action against several perpetrators.
However, Advocate General Gopalakrishna Kurup countered that the report was compiled as a confidential study, not a judicial inquiry.
He emphasised that the identities of the victims were protected and that those wishing to file complaints could do so directly with the police or other authorities.
Kurup clarified that the Committee was primarily tasked with studying the challenges faced by women in the film industry and recommending measures to mitigate those issues.
He added that the government might consider further action based on a review of the unredacted parts of the report.
The Court noted that the government had been unable to act against the alleged perpetrators due to the absence of formal complaints but acknowledged that the report revealed instances of sexual exploitation and harassment requiring intervention.
The Court questioned whether criminal action could be initiated based on the Committee's findings if a cognisable offence is disclosed, given the broader societal impact of the allegations.
"If someone reports being sexually abused or assaulted but does not wish to disclose the details or expose the incident, what can be done? It is not merely a personal issue; it affects society at large," the Court remarked.
The Court also addressed the challenge of maintaining witness anonymity while ensuring justice is served, pointing out that some witnesses might be reluctant to come forward to prosecute the offenders.
Nevertheless, the Court admitted the PIL and directed the government to submit a statement on the matter, along with a copy of the unredacted report in a sealed cover. The case is scheduled for further hearing on September 10, 2024.
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Four individuals have been sentenced to three months in prison in Dubai for their involvement in a part-time job scam, according to authorities. They deceived a victim with a fake job offer and tricked her into transferring money.
Dubai Prosecution's investigation revealed that the scammer group used WhatsApp to disseminate the fraudulent job advertisement to attract the victim.
They convinced her to send money with a promise of doubling it quickly, but failed to return any funds, the authorities reported.
Dubai's Misdemeanour Court found the group guilty of fraud, sentencing them to imprisonment followed by deportation.
The public prosecution has reiterated its caution to residents: avoid responding to unsolicited messages on your mobile phone.
“These scam messages are crafted to deceive and exploit you. Cyber scammers can easily drain your funds with their schemes and false assurances,” the authorities warned. Residents are advised to report any suspicious activity to security authorities immediately.
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Jennifer Lopez has filed for divorce from Ben Affleck, US media reported, two years after the Hollywood power couple officially gave love a second chance by tying the knot.
The pair, who were nicknamed "Bennifer" when they first dated in the frenzied tabloid celebrity days of the early 2000s, had rekindled their relationship almost two decades later.
But Lopez filed divorce papers at a Los Angeles court on Tuesday, Hollywood trade outlet Variety and celebrity gossip website TMZ reported.
It was the fourth marriage for pop singer-turned-actress Lopez, 55, and the second for Oscar-winning movie star and director Affleck, 52.
The pair first met in 2002 on the set of the widely panned film "Gigli." They became a media sensation as they started dating and announced their engagement.
However, they postponed their planned 2003 nuptials and announced their relationship was over in early 2004.
"Bennifer" set the internet alight again in 2021 when photos of them together began circulating.
"It's a beautiful love story that we got a second chance," Lopez said in an interview around that time.
Lopez and Affleck announced their engagement in April 2022, and the A-list couple wed in Las Vegas in July.
They made it official again the following month in a lavish ceremony at the "Good Will Hunting" star's 87-acre (35-hectare) estate in the southeastern US state of Georgia. Among the Hollywood types in attendance at the three-day affair were longtime Affleck pal Matt Damon and director Kevin Smith.
The couple reportedly bought a $60 million home together in Los Angeles last year.
However, rumours of marital troubles emerged in the entertainment press and on social media earlier this year.
Fans noted that Lopez celebrated her 55th birthday without her husband last month, and TMZ reported that they had sold their joint home, with Affleck moving into a luxury bachelor pad.
People magazine said relations became strained due to their different approaches to celebrity. "She likes to open her heart to her fans and to the world," the magazine quoted an unnamed source as saying. "He is more introspective and private. This has been difficult day-to-day."
Divorce papers listed the couple's date of separation as April 26, 2024, according to TMZ, which said the pair are no longer on speaking terms.
Lopez was previously married to actor Ojani Noa, dancer Cris Judd, and singer Marc Anthony, with whom she shares twins Max and Emme. Affleck was married to actress Jennifer Garner, and they are the parents of Violet, Seraphina, and Samuel.
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If you’ve recently relocated to Saudi Arabia, carrying your resident ID, or Iqama, is essential.
Issued by the Saudi Ministry of Interior, this card contains crucial details about your identity and residency.
While the card primarily features Arabic, your name and Iqama number are also displayed in English.
In 2023, the General Directorate of Passports (Jawazat) announced that a digital version of your Iqama on your smartphone is sufficient, eliminating the need to carry a physical card.
This update applies to expatriates, their dependents, and foreign workers with recent Iqama renewals
How to Obtain Your Digital Iqama
You can access a digital copy of your Iqama through the Ministry of Interior’s Absher platform, available in two ways:
Via the Absher App
* Download the Absher app, available for Apple, Android, and Huawei devices.
* Log in using your Absher credentials. If you don’t have an account, click here to create one.
* Tap on ‘My Services’ at the bottom menu.
* Select ‘Activate Digital ID.’
* Review the details of your resident ID and choose ‘Activate Digital ID.’
* A QR code will be generated, which can be scanned by officials to verify your ID.
Via the Absher Website
* Visit absher.sa.
* Log in with your username and password.
* Enter the verification code sent to your registered mobile number.
* Click on the menu next to your profile picture and select ‘View Digital Documents.’
* Find the option for your resident ID or Iqama, and save the digital copy to your phone.
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Abu Dhabi has introduced its inaugural official rental index for the capital, launched on Tuesday by the Abu Dhabi Real Estate Centre (ADREC), the city’s real estate sector regulator.
This new platform is designed to boost market transparency, offer indicative rental values, and support the stability of Abu Dhabi’s expanding real estate market.
It provides quarterly rental price estimates for various property types across the city, including residential, commercial and industrial spaces.
The user-friendly platform allows residents to select any area within Abu Dhabi to view rental prices for different property types. Access is available through the Abu Dhabi Real Estate website.
To obtain detailed information, users must first choose their municipality -- Dhafra, Abu Dhabi City, or Al Ain City. They can then select their desired zone and sector.
The index will then display transparent pricing information for properties in that area, ranging from apartments to villas, including details on the number of bedrooms and associated costs.
Additionally, the portal features an interactive map for easy navigation and selection of localities.
According to Abu Dhabi's media office, the rental index reflects ADREC’s commitment to improving customer satisfaction in the real estate sector and delivering value to investors, property owners and tenants alike.
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The Centre for Forensic and Electronic Sciences of the Abu Dhabi Judicial Department has been awarded international accreditation from the National Organisation of Forensic Physicians (NAME) for its Forensic Medicine Department.
This achievement makes the Centre the first in the Middle East and only the third globally, outside the United States, following Canada and Singapore, to receive this prestigious certification.
Counsellor Yousef Saeed Al Abri, Undersecretary of the Abu Dhabi Judicial Department, highlighted that this international accreditation represents a significant milestone for the Judicial Department.
Counsellor Al Abri noted that this remarkable achievement underscores the Centre’s leadership and excellence in providing forensic services according to the highest international standards.
It also demonstrates the Centre's commitment to staying abreast of the latest advancements in forensic examinations, thereby advancing criminal justice.
Furthermore, he stated that the Abu Dhabi Judicial Department's technical reports are now given precedence on the global stage.
He explained that the international accreditation adds to the Centre’s existing certifications in criminal and electronic evidence examinations and renews the chemical laboratory’s accreditation for a second term.
This renewal, initially granted in 2019, covers the examination of narcotics, toxins and seized items.
Counsellor Al Abri emphasised the Centre's dedication to implementing technical protocols in line with international standards and incorporating additional guidelines from NAME.
This commitment was evident in the Centre’s evaluation, which confirmed its adherence to all requirements necessary for obtaining international accreditation.
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Saudi Arabia has reaffirmed its stance on protecting teachers, imposing a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison and a fine of up to SR1 million for any physical or verbal assault, whether carried out in person or through social media platforms.
Enacted in 2018, this law categorises both physical and verbal abuse of teachers as criminal offenses. The legislation was recently expanded to cover digital platforms in response to rising abuse and defamation cases targeting educators online.
This measure was introduced following a surge in violent incidents against teachers, including high-profile cases of assault both in educational settings and public spaces.
Noteworthy is a recent incident where a student physically attacked a teacher, and the altercation, captured on video, quickly spread across social media.
In 2018, a Taif high school teacher suffered injuries and bleeding after a student struck him during class. The law stipulates: “Any physical attack against ministry staff is deemed a criminal offense, resulting in imprisonment and a fine.”
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Are you a psychologist from your home country looking to practise in the UAE? Or perhaps a current professional aiming to obtain a licence in another emirate?
To practise a social care profession in the UAE, you must be licensed by the relevant authority in each emirate.
This guide outlines the necessary documents, conditions and application steps for obtaining a licence in Sharjah, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi.
Sharjah
To practise a social care profession in Sharjah, you need to apply for a licence from the Sharjah Social Services Department (SSSD). Applicants must have at least two years of experience in a social care profession. Practising without a licence in Sharjah could result in a fine of Dh5,000.
Eligible Professionals
* Social workers
* Counselling psychologists
* Psychotherapists
* School psychologists
* Marital-family psychologists
* Criminal psychologists
* Behavioural analysts
* Assistant behavioural analysts
* Behavioural analyst doctors
* Occupational therapists
* Special education teachers
Steps
* Apply online via the UAE Pass or visit a customer happiness centre with your Emirates ID.
* Submit your application along with the required documents.
* The administration will forward the application to a committee within 14 days.
* The committee will issue a decision within 14 days of receiving the application.
Required Documents
* Copy of valid passport, family book, and Emirates ID for Emiratis
* Copy of valid passport, residency proof, and Emirates ID for residents
* Copy of accredited academic qualifications
* Academic transcript
* Equivalency report for degrees obtained outside the UAE
* Certificates of experience from the last two years
* Verification report of qualifications and experience from Dataflow
* Good conduct certificate issued by relevant authorities
* Additional documents may be requested by the department
Further Conditions
* The applicant must have full legal capacity and no criminal record for crimes against honour or honesty.
* Non-citizens must hold a residence permit through their current employer.
* The applicant must pass an evaluation test, and non-citizens must complete a minimum five-hour course on UAE customs, traditions and culture.
Fees
* Licence application: Free
* Evaluation test: Dh1,000
* Social profession licence fee: Dh300
* Issuance of social profession licence card: Dh100
Dubai
To practise a social care profession in Dubai, you must apply for a licence (valid for two years) from the Community Development Authority (CDA). Applicants need at least one year of experience in a social care profession.
Eligible Professionals
* Social workers
* Social counselors
* Social therapists (behavioural analysts, assistant behavioural analysts, psychologists assistant psychologists)
* Special education teachers (including learning support teachers)
Steps
* Submit your application and documents via email to professional.licensing@cda.gov.ae.
* Obtain verification from Dataflow and then submit your application to the CDA.
* Take a professional licensing examination at the British University in Dubai.
* If applicable, complete an intensive training programme and obtain a certificate.
* A committee will review the application and, if approved, issue an initial approval.
* Submit an employment contract.
* Take the oath, and the licence will be sent to you via email.
Required Documents
* Passport copy
* CV
* Copy of highest academic degree
* CDA application form
* Letter of authorization
* Experience letter (last three years)
* Copy of professional licence (if available)
* Additional documents following training (e.g., Good Conduct Certificate, Dataflow report)
Further Conditions
* The applicant must be a UAE resident with full civil capacity.
* The applicant must have a clean criminal record for felonies or misdemeanours involving moral turpitude or dishonesty unless rehabilitated.
* Other requirements may apply as set by the authority.
Fees: The application service is free in Dubai.
Abu Dhabi
In Abu Dhabi, those wishing to practise a social care profession must apply for a licence (valid for one year) from the Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development. The application can be submitted via the TAMM website. The service is free of charge.
Steps
* Log in through UAE Pass.
* Submit the application with the required documents.
* Upon receiving preliminary approval, complete the specified procedures and pass a professional competency test at a certified centre.
* If the application is complete and the test result is favourable, you will be issued the licence.
Required Documents:
* Copy of valid passport (first two pages)
* Passport-sized photo
* Equivalency report for academic certificate from the Ministry of Education
* Attested educational certificate and transcript
* Introduction letter
* CV
* Experience certificate
* Good conduct certificate from the employer
* Police clearance certificate
* Local or international social care professional licences (if available)
* Valid residence permit (for non-citizens)
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PwC, one of the Big Four accounting firms, has been fined £15 million by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) for failing to report suspected fraud at London Capital & Finance (LCF).
This is the first time the FCA has issued a financial penalty against an audit firm. The FCA stated that PwC missed several audit red flags and failed to act promptly when they suspected fraudulent activity at LCF, a defunct financial services firm.
As LCF’s auditors, PwC was responsible for verifying the company’s accounts. During the audit, PwC encountered significant issues, including inaccurate and misleading information from LCF and aggressive behaviour from a senior employee towards the auditors.
Despite these concerns and a duty to report their suspicions to the FCA, PwC signed off on the accounts. Even after being satisfied with the accuracy of LCF's 2016 accounts, PwC still had an obligation to report earlier concerns, according to the FCA.
The FCA criticised PwC for not acting immediately, stating that their failure deprived the regulator of potentially crucial information.
LCF has been described by former investors as a Ponzi scheme and was condemned by the FCA for its "unfair and misleading" promotion of minibonds.
The firm entered administration in 2019 after the FCA ordered it to cease those promotions. Thousands of investors were misled and not fully informed of the product’s risks, according to the FCA.
A Serious Fraud Office criminal investigation into LCF's collapse is ongoing.
In response to the fine, PwC stated: "We have reached a settlement with the FCA to resolve an unintentional reporting breach."
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Two prominent US law firms stand to earn hundreds of millions of pounds after negotiating a $2.7 billion settlement with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), which will allow student athletes to receive payments for the first time.
However, they must first convince a judge to approve the landmark deal and the unconventional, multi-faceted fee structure they have proposed.
The firms have until Friday to address objections from student groups regarding the July settlement, and further litigation is anticipated once they provide additional details about their fee request.
The settlement aims to resolve antitrust lawsuits concerning the NCAA's long-standing prohibitions on payments to athletes. This includes restrictions on compensation related to competing, the commercial use of players' names, images, and likenesses, and payments tied to athletes' academic achievements.
The firms leading the litigation, Hagens Berman Sobol Shapiro and Winston & Strawn, have informed US District Judge Claudia Wilken in Oakland, California, that the settlement's total value exceeds $20 billion, primarily based on the future earnings of student athletes.
The firms' share of these future payments could significantly impact their earnings, potentially adding $200 million or more to their fees.
The Fees
The plaintiffs' lawyers, led by Steve Berman of Hagens Berman and Winston's Jeffrey Kessler, have stated in court documents that they have invested over 72,000 hours into the cases since 2020.
Initially, they will request a $20 million upfront payment for their work, to be divided equally between the firms, according to Berman.
Additionally, they plan to seek up to $495.2 million, based on a percentage of the settlement funds the NCAA has agreed to pay over the next decade.
This includes 20 per cent of $1.976 billion allocated for college athletes who were previously denied compensation for the use of their names, images, and likenesses, as well as for their athletic service.
A unique aspect of their fee request is the potential for the lawyers to claim an annual percentage of the compensation that schools will now be permitted to pay student athletes, ranging from 0.75 per cent to 1.25 per cent of the NCAA schools' sporting revenues over ten years.
This pool is estimated to be worth around $20 billion over the decade, potentially leading to legal fees as high as $250 million.
Both Berman and Kessler have defended these ongoing fees as reasonable given the settlement's scale and historic significance.
"Frankly, I think it is an extremely modest request considering the case law and the value to the class," Kessler remarked. He noted that each annual fee would require court approval.
An NCAA spokesperson did not immediately respond to requests for comment on the fees. Last month, the organisation stated that the settlement offered a sustainable path to enhanced benefits for student athletes.
Regarding the fee provisions, Berman emphasised their focus on addressing the objections and securing the judge’s preliminary approval for the settlement. "My parents always taught me not to count your chickens before they hatch," Berman said in an email.
One group challenging the proposed NCAA settlement has argued that the deal favours male athletes. They also objected to the $20 million upfront fee request, describing it as a "classic 'clear sailing provision' that raises questions about what the class counsel might have conceded to secure it."
The MoloLamken attorneys who filed the objection did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Other objections claim the settlement would unfairly shield the NCAA from separate antitrust lawsuits.
Kessler dismissed the objection to the $20 million fee as "insulting," asserting it was only negotiated after all other settlement terms had been agreed upon. "We stand by our record for what we’ve done for athletes," he added.
Other Legal Fee News
The Delaware Supreme Court upheld a $267 million fee award for five law firms that secured a $1 billion settlement for Dell Technologies shareholders.
The court determined that this near-record award was not an improper windfall for the firms representing the plaintiffs: Labaton Sucharow; Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan; Andrews & Springer; Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd; and Friedman Oster & Tejtel.
Attorneys negotiating a proposed settlement with seafood giant StarKist, its parent Dongwon Industries and private equity firm Lion Capital have announced they will seek just over $50 million in legal fees.
This proposed fee award for the law firm Wolf Haldenstein Adler Freeman & Herz accounts for two class action settlements: Tuesday's proposed $136 million deal and a 2022 settlement with Chicken of the Sea and its parent Thai Union Group, worth $16 million.
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Saudi Arabia has announced an extension of the state's coverage of fees for expatriates working in the industrial sector until December 31, 2025.
The decision was made during the weekly session of the Council of Ministers, chaired by Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman in Jeddah earlier this week.
This Cabinet decision follows the expiration of the previous five-year waiver on expatriate fees for industrial workers.
In 2019, as part of a broader initiative to boost job creation, the Saudi government introduced fees on expatriate workers to encourage the employment of Saudi nationals.
However, the government later waived these fees for expatriates in the industrial sector, effective from October 1, 2019, as part of short-term measures to stimulate industrial investment and support the objectives of Vision 2030.
At the beginning of the session, the Cabinet was briefed on a message from the President of Senegal to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman, and on the meeting between the Crown Prince and the Speaker of the Arab Parliament.
During the meeting, the Speaker awarded the Crown Prince the Leader's Medal in recognition of his leadership in supporting Arab causes and fostering joint Arab action.
In a statement to the Saudi Press Agency following the session, the Minister of Human Resources and Social Development, who is also the Acting Minister of Media, Eng. Ahmed Al-Rajhi, praised the efforts and contributions of the Arab Parliament on the international stage.
The Cabinet underscored the Kingdom's commitment to enhancing cooperation with its Arab counterparts across various sectors to bolster security, stability, and sustainable development.
The Council also discussed recent regional and international developments, reaffirming the Kingdom's support for efforts to secure a ceasefire in Gaza and highlighting the importance of ending the Israeli occupation to achieve peace and restore the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people.
Domestically, the Cabinet emphasised the Kingdom's ongoing initiatives for global sustainability and environmental conservation, which include expanding royal reserves, with a strategic focus on wildlife protection, afforestation, and the promotion of ecotourism.
The Cabinet passed several resolutions, including the approval of an agreement between Saudi Arabia and Uzbekistan for the mutual exemption of short-stay visas for holders of diplomatic and special passports.
It also approved a memorandum of understanding (MoU) for cultural cooperation between the Saudi Ministry of Culture and the Chinese Ministry of Culture and Tourism, along with an MoU for collaboration between the Saudi Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Justice of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
Additional MoUs endorsed by the Cabinet include agreements on road safety, maintenance and the future of transportation between the Saudi Ministry of Transport and Logistics and the Bahraini Ministries of Works, Transportation and Telecommunications, as well as an MoU for tourism cooperation between the Saudi Tourism Authority and Switzerland Tourism.
Furthermore, the Cabinet authorised the Minister of Education, who also chairs the Board of Directors of the Technical and Vocational Training Corporation, or his deputy, to negotiate and sign a draft MoU with the Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islamic Countries (SESRIC), an affiliate of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, in the field of technical and vocational training.
The Cabinet also approved a memorandum of cooperation in the areas of predicate offences, terrorism and its financing, and money laundering between the Saudi Public Prosecution and its Yemeni counterpart.
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A group of visual artists can continue to pursue some claims that Stability AI, Midjourney, DeviantArt, and Runway AI's artificial intelligence-based image generation systems infringe their copyrights, a California federal judge has ruled.
US District Judge William Orrick said the artists had plausibly argued that the companies violated their rights by illegally storing their works on their systems.
Orrick also refused to dismiss related trademark-law claims, although he dismissed others accusing the companies of unjust enrichment, breach of contract and violation of a separate US copyright law.
The decision did not address the artists' core claim that the alleged misuse of their work to train AI systems directly infringes their copyrights, or the key defence that AI companies make fair use of copyrighted material.
The artists' solicitors, Joseph Saveri and Matthew Butterick, said in a statement that the decision was "a significant step forward for the case."
Illustrators Sarah Andersen, Kelly McKernan and Karla Ortiz initially sued the companies last January in one of the first of several high-stakes lawsuits against tech companies over the use of copyrighted work in AI training. Orrick dismissed many of their allegations in October but allowed them to be refiled.
Andersen, McKernan, Ortiz, and seven other artists brought an amended complaint in November. They argued that Stability's Stable Diffusion model, utilised by all of the companies, unlawfully contains "compressed copies" of their works used to train it.
Orrick said in a tentative ruling in May that he was inclined to let the copyright allegations continue. He elaborated on Monday that the companies could not dismiss the claims at an early stage of the case.
"The plausible inferences at this juncture are that Stable Diffusion, by operation by end users, creates copyright infringement and was created to facilitate that infringement by design," Orrick said.
The case is Andersen v. Stability AI, US District Court for the Northern District of California, No. 3:23-cv-00201.
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More than 5,500 Indian expatriate workers in the UAE have enrolled in a new ‘Life Protection Plan’ that provides compensation of up to Dh75,000 for families in the event of the insured's death due to natural or accidental causes.
The Indian Consulate in Dubai announced this development, having facilitated the launch of the plan by two insurance companies in the UAE. The initiative aims to assist the families of blue-collar workers who previously lacked life insurance coverage.
“In line with the Consulate’s ongoing efforts to enhance the living conditions and employment terms of Indian workers in the UAE, we facilitated the introduction of the Life Protection Plan in March 2024,” the Consulate stated in a press statement.
“We are pleased to report that over 5,500 workers have already benefited from this welfare scheme,” the statement added.
The insurance scheme offers financial support to the family of the deceased in cases of natural or accidental death, as well as repatriation of the mortal remains.
The mission explained that it worked with the two insurance companies and major employers in the UAE to develop this plan after noting that natural deaths of Indian blue-collar workers were not covered under existing insurance policies.
With approximately 3.5 million Indians living in the UAE, of which around 65 per cent are blue-collar workers, this group represents one of the largest migrant worker populations in the country, according to the consulate.
In the absence of mandatory insurance for natural deaths, the mission highlighted that the legal heirs or dependents of deceased employees did not receive compensation in such cases.
To address this issue, the consulate facilitated a meeting between major companies employing Indian blue-collar workers and insurance providers Gargash Insurance Services LLC and Orient Insurance PJSC to create a comprehensive insurance package covering both natural and accidental deaths.
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The UAE Government has issued a Federal Decree-Law amending specific provisions of the Federal Decree-Law Concerning Domestic Workers and its Amendments.
These amendments aim to strengthen the rights of all parties involved in employment relationships, as well as facilitate and accelerate the resolution of disputes.
The new decree amends the jurisdiction for disputes related to domestic workers, transferring such cases from the Court of Appeal to the Court of First Instance.
The Courts of Appeal are required to transfer all pending applications, disputes and grievances to the Court of First Instance as they are, without any fees, effective from the date this Law takes effect.
This does not apply to cases that have already been adjudicated or are in the court's pipeline for adjudication.
The Law stipulates that if a dispute arises between the employer, the domestic worker, or the recruitment company and cannot be resolved amicably, the issue must be referred to the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation.
The Ministry is empowered to take the appropriate measures to settle the dispute amicably, in line with the procedures set out in this Law's Executive Regulations and effective decisions.
If an amicable settlement is not reached within the designated timeframe, the Ministry must refer the dispute to the competent Court of First Instance.
This referral shall include a memorandum summarising the dispute, the arguments of both parties and the Ministry's recommendations.
The Ministry is also entitled to resolve disputes if the claim's total amount does not exceed Dh50,000 or if the dispute involves one of the parties' non-compliance with a prior amicable settlement decision issued by the Ministry, regardless of the claim's amount.
The Ministry's decision in such cases shall have the effect of an executive instrument and be treated as an enforcement order according to standard procedures.
Any party to the dispute may file -- within 15 working days of being notified -- a lawsuit with the competent Court of First Instance to contest the Ministry's decision.
The ruling of the Court of First Instance in this case is final, and filing a lawsuit will suspend the enforcement of the Ministry's decision.
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Former head of Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Faiz Hameed, has been detained by the country’s military in connection with a housing scheme scandal.
In a statement, the public relations wing of the Pakistan Army stated: "In compliance with the orders of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, a detailed court of inquiry was conducted by the Pakistan Army to verify the legitimacy of the complaints in the Top City case against Lt Gen Faiz Hameed (Retd).
Consequently, appropriate disciplinary action has been initiated against Lt Gen Faiz Hameed (Retd) under the provisions of the Pakistan Army Act."
The statement added: "Additionally, several instances of violation of the Pakistan Army Act following his retirement have also been confirmed. The process of a Field General Court Martial has been initiated, and Lt Gen Faiz Hameed (Retd) has been taken into military custody."
Top City, a private housing scheme in Pakistan, had accused Hameed of orchestrating a raid on the offices and residence of its owner, Moeez Khan.
According to a report, the Pakistan Army established an inquiry committee in April to investigate allegations of misuse of authority against Hameed.
The committee was formed after Pakistan's Supreme Court, in a November order last year, stated that the allegations of an “extremely serious nature” against Hameed “cannot be left unattended” as they would damage the reputation of the country’s institutions if proven true.
The Supreme Court further directed the owner of the housing society to approach the relevant authorities, including the Defence Ministry, to seek action against the former spymaster and his associates.
In March this year, a court in Rawalpindi remanded Najaf Hameed, brother of the former ISI chief, to jail on a 14-day judicial remand in connection with the case.
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Saudi Arabia has announced a major revision to its investment law as part of its Vision 2030 reform strategy, aiming to bolster its attractiveness to international investors.
The updated legislation consolidates existing investor rights and freedoms into a cohesive framework designed to enhance transparency and simplify business operations.
The new law offers improved protections for investors, including adherence to the rule of law, fair treatment and property rights, while providing strong safeguards for intellectual property and facilitating seamless fund transfers.
It simplifies the registration process by replacing complex licensing requirements with a more straightforward system and introduces new service centres to accelerate government transactions and investment procedures.
This update follows a series of pro-investment measures, including the implementation of the Civil Transactions Law, Private Sector Participation Law, Companies Law, Bankruptcy Law and the creation of Special Economic Zones.
Saudi Investment Minister Khalid Al-Falih stated: “The law reaffirms Saudi Arabia’s commitment to creating a welcoming and secure environment for investors, driving economic growth, and enhancing the Kingdom’s status as a leading global investment destination.”
He continued: “The policy direction outlined in Vision 2030 allows investors to invest with certainty and grow with confidence, even as many other markets face significant volatility.”
The law also seeks to foster a competitive market environment by promoting fair competition and ensuring equal treatment for both domestic and international investors.
It provides access to advanced dispute resolution mechanisms through the Saudi Arbitration Centre and other affiliated entities.
Saudi Arabia’s investment-friendly policies have already yielded notable results, with gross fixed capital formation rising by 74 per cent to nearly $300 billion in 2023, and FDI inflows increasing by 158 per cent from $7.46 billion in 2017 to $19.3 billion in 2023.
“The updated investment law builds on an extensive diversification agenda, from enhancing quality of life to investment-specific measures such as the establishment of special economic zones,” said Al-Falih.
Developed by the Ministry of Investment, the new regulations will take effect in 2025 and are designed to align with Gulf Cooperation Council and World Trade Organisation standards, as well as other international investment agreements.
In a comment on X, Saudi Finance Minister Mohammed Al-Jadaan described the revised law as a significant “update to the investment regulatory framework that contributes to private sector investment growth opportunities and a more competitive economy under Saudi Vision 2030.”
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The Central Bank of the UAE (CBUAE) has imposed an administrative sanction on an insurance company operating in the UAE.
On Monday, the CBUAE issued a warning to the insurance firm following an investigation that uncovered deficiencies in its regulatory policies and procedures.
The investigation revealed that the company had breached the 'Guidance on Personal Data' concerning the information it collects for insurance policies.
While the Central Bank did not disclose the company's name, it has instructed the firm to cease these activities immediately.
The Central Bank emphasised its commitment to ensuring that all insurance companies, their owners, and staff comply with UAE laws, regulations, and standards to maintain the transparency and integrity of the insurance sector and the country’s financial system.
Last month, the Central Bank revoked the licence of Galaxy Insurance Broker and removed its name from the register after the CBUAE's investigation exposed weak compliance and failure to meet regulatory obligations.
Earlier this month, the UAE Central Bank also imposed a financial penalty of Dh5.8 million on a bank operating in the UAE for failing to adhere to anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing (AML/CFT) laws.
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The Ministry of Economy has affirmed its ongoing commitment to implementing the legislative and regulatory framework for anti-money laundering (AML) in the country, in accordance with international best practices.
Furthermore, the Ministry continues to monitor the Designated Non-Financial Businesses and Professions (DNFBP) sector to ensure the highest levels of compliance with the UAE’s AML/CFT legislation.
The Ministry explained that the implementation of the due diligence regulations for the responsible sourcing of gold is part of its role in overseeing the gold sector and the activities of the precious metals and gemstones trade and industry.
This is in line with the country's adherence to international standards, notably those of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
In this context, the Ministry noted that it has conducted a series of field inspection tours related to the trade of precious metals and gemstones, following a clear mechanism for both office and field inspections.
As a result of these inspections, operations at 32 gold refineries in the local market, representing five per cent of the country's gold sector, have been temporarily suspended for three months, from July 24 to October 24, 2024.
The Ministry reported that these refineries committed 256 offences, averaging eight violations per refinery.
The most notable offences included the failure to adopt necessary measures and procedures to identify risks, failure to notify the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of suspicious transactions where necessary, and the failure to verify customers' databases and transactions against names on terrorism lists.
Abdullah Ahmed Al Saleh, Undersecretary of the Ministry of Economy, stated: “The UAE reaffirms its commitment to developing a comprehensive legislative and regulatory system for anti-money laundering and achieving the highest levels of compliance with the due diligence regulations for the responsible sourcing of gold.”
He added: “The Ministry continues to strive to strengthen its supervisory role across various DNFBP sectors in the country, which include the operations of the precious metals and gemstones industry and their trade, the activities of real estate agents, company service providers, and auditors.
We are intensifying inspection campaigns to ensure the highest levels of compliance with the UAE’s AML/CFT law.”
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Abu Dhabi Police has urged drivers to move broken-down vehicles to designated emergency areas or the nearest safe parking spots to maintain smooth traffic flow and ensure safety on the roads.
Mahmoud Al Balushi, director of the Traffic and Security Patrols Directorate at Abu Dhabi Police, stressed the importance of relocating vehicles that have broken down.
Drivers should either move their cars to emergency lanes or safe parking areas. If the car cannot be moved, it is essential to stop on the right side of the hard shoulder, activate hazard lights, and place reflective triangles at the rear of the vehicle to alert approaching drivers.
Drivers who fail to move their vehicles from the road face a fine of Dh1,000 and accumulate six black points on their driving licence.
If the vehicle cannot be relocated, it is crucial to call the emergency number 999 for immediate assistance and exit the vehicle to ensure personal safety. Non-compliance with these safety measures results in a Dh500 fine.
To avoid such situations, motorists are encouraged to perform regular checks on their vehicles, particularly during the summer months, to minimise the risk of breakdowns. Adhering to these safety protocols helps prevent accidents and maintains road safety for all users.
Abu Dhabi Police routinely share footage of road incidents to highlight the importance of following traffic rules and the consequences of not doing so.
Past campaigns have focused on minimising distractions, such as mobile phone use while driving, and ensuring drivers have sufficient time to respond to road conditions.
For minor accidents, drivers can now use the Saaed app to report incidents. After selecting the accident reporting service, users need to provide their phone numbers for location detection, upload relevant photos of the crash, and enter their license details.
The process, which should take no more than three minutes, generates a request number upon verification.
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The General Authority for Competition (GAC) has imposed fines totalling over SR77 million on six companies in the contracting sector for breaching the Competition Law.
These firms were found guilty of colluding and coordinating illegally in government bids and tenders, violating both the Competition Law and its executive regulations.
The GAC’s Board of Directors has decided to pursue criminal action against the six companies before the Committee for the Resolution of Competition Law Violations, which has mandated a total fine of SR77.5 million for the infractions.
The GAC clarified that these penalties were enacted in accordance with its responsibilities to safeguard and promote fair competition and to combat monopolistic practices.
This action reflects a commitment to transparency, protecting public interests, and ensuring the rights of affected parties. The authority has conducted investigations and gathered evidence in compliance with the Competition Law and its regulations.
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An engineer in Riyadh has been sentenced to six months in prison and fined SR50,000 for practicing without the necessary professional accreditation.
Additionally, the company that employed the engineer has been fined SR100,000. The engineer and the company were found guilty of violating Article 11 of the Engineering Professions Law, which mandates that practitioners must have professional accreditation. The engineer was also convicted of misrepresenting his qualifications.
Eng. Abdul Mohsen Al-Majnouni, Secretary General of the Saudi Council of Engineers, reported that the violation was discovered during an inspection by the council's team.
Legal procedures were followed, and the case was referred to the Public Prosecution for further investigation and prosecution.
Eng. Al-Majnouni noted that over the past few months, the authority has identified several violations of the Engineering Professions Law. Thirty cases, involving 14 companies and various establishments, were referred to the Public Prosecution.
These violations included practicing without a license, employing unaccredited practitioners, and misleading advertising.
The authority also took action against eight engineering offices and companies for employing unaccredited practitioners and seized eight individuals of various nationalities for similar violations, including providing false information and misrepresenting professional qualifications.
Eng. Al-Majnouni emphasised the necessity of obtaining professional accreditation to practice engineering in the Kingdom and avoiding the use of titles and qualifications not officially recognised.
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In a dramatic turn of events, the US Department of Justice announced the indictment of a man with alleged ties to Iran, accused of orchestrating a foiled assassination plot on American soil.
The suspect, identified as 45-year-old Mahmoud Reza Shakuri, is charged with conspiracy to commit murder, providing material support to a foreign terrorist organisation and other related offences.
Shakuri was apprehended in a coordinated operation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and other law enforcement agencies.
According to court documents, Shakuri, an Iranian national, was part of an elaborate scheme to assassinate a prominent US political figure, whose identity remains undisclosed for security reasons.
The indictment reveals that Shakuri had been in contact with operatives linked to the Quds Force, an elite unit of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The Quds Force is known for its involvement in extraterritorial operations, including alleged plots against dissidents and officials abroad.
Investigators uncovered evidence indicating that Shakuri had been planning the assassination for several months.
He allegedly recruited and paid individuals in the US to conduct surveillance on the target and gather intelligence to facilitate the attack. Shakuri was purportedly acting under direct orders from high-ranking officials within the IRGC.
Iran's government has denied any involvement in the plot, with a spokesperson from the Iranian Foreign Ministry calling the accusations "baseless" and "part of a smear campaign against Iran."
However, US officials remain resolute in their stance, emphasising the robust evidence collected through intensive intelligence operations.
Shakuri appeared before a federal magistrate judge in Washington, DC, where he was formally charged. He has been remanded in custody pending further legal proceedings. If convicted, Shakuri faces a maximum sentence of life imprisonment.
The Justice Department has indicated that the investigation is ongoing and additional charges or arrests may follow as more information becomes available.
The foiled plot has prompted a significant response from law enforcement agencies nationwide. Enhanced security measures have been implemented to protect potential targets and prevent similar threats. The FBI has urged the public to remain vigilant and report any suspicious activity.
The case of Mahmoud Reza Shakuri highlights the ongoing challenges faced by the US in addressing foreign threats and maintaining national security.
As the legal process unfolds, the international community will be closely watching for further developments and their potential implications for US-Iran relations.
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The General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) has levied fines totalling over SR4.5 million on various entities and individuals for breaching the Saudi Civil Aviation Law, its executive regulations and the authority's directives.
This information was outlined in GACA's second-quarter 2024 report, published by the committee overseeing violations of the Civil Aviation Law. The committee identified 111 violations, resulting in financial penalties exceeding SR4.5 million.
According to the report, 92 of these violations were against air carriers for infringing regulations related to passenger rights, with fines amounting to SR4.4 million.
Additionally, five violations were issued to air carriers for non-compliance with GACA’s regulations and directives, resulting in fines of SR140,000.
The committee also imposed fines of SR30,000 for two violations by licensed companies failing to adhere to the authority's instructions regarding their licensed activities.
Furthermore, the report disclosed that 12 violations were issued to individuals, including 10 observed on aircraft, with a total fine of SR3,900. Additionally, two violations related to the unauthorised use of drones attracted fines of SR10,000.
The authority emphasised that these legal actions are part of its commitment to transparency and clarity, reaffirming its dedication to its regulatory and supervisory role in the aviation sector, improving passenger experience and enhancing the quality of air transport services in the Kingdom.
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The Governments of Singapore and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance legal and judicial cooperation between the two countries.
The MoU was signed by Singapore’s Minister for Home Affairs and Minister for Law K. Shanmugam and Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Justice, Dr Waleed Mohammed bin Al-Smani.
Also present to witness the signing were Minister of State for the Ministry of Law and Ministry of Transport Murali Pillai, Saudi Arabia’s Ambassador to Singapore Abdullah Mohammed AlMadhi and Saudi Arabia’s Deputy Minister of Justice for Laws and International Cooperation Dr Bashar Omar Al-Mofadda.
Under the MoU, both Singapore and Saudi Arabia agree to jointly promote international alternative dispute resolution and develop legal and judicial expertise.
The MoU establishes a framework for cooperation in several areas, including:
* Exchanging information, experiences, and international best practices;
* Facilitating exchanges of visits between experts and specialists from both countries; and
* Participating in conferences, seminars, meetings, training sessions and work sessions organised or hosted by Singapore and Saudi Arabia.
Minister Shanmugam stated: “Singapore and Saudi Arabia enjoy excellent bilateral ties, which were elevated to a strategic partnership last year. This MoU will further strengthen our collaboration.
We look forward to increased exchanges in the legal and judicial fields and working together to promote international alternative dispute resolution.”
Minister Shanmugam and Minister Waleed also discussed several topics, including efforts to develop a favourable legal environment to support businesses and enhance exchanges between officials and practitioners in areas such as arbitration.
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Bangladeshi missions in the UAE have advised their compatriots to exercise "utmost restraint" and adhere to local laws.
This advisory is part of an awareness campaign led by the Bangladeshi embassy in Abu Dhabi and the consulate-general in Dubai to inform their citizens about local regulations.
On Monday, Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who had been in power for 15 years, resigned after protesters stormed her residence.
She fled to India, arriving at Hindon Air Base near New Delhi later that evening aboard a C-130 Hercules military transport aircraft.
Student activists had called for a march to the capital, Dhaka, on Monday, defying a nationwide curfew to demand Hasina's resignation. This came in the wake of deadly clashes across the country that resulted in nearly 100 deaths.
In a statement, the Bangladeshi missions urged all expatriate Bangladeshis in the UAE to "show utmost restraint, coexist peacefully and harmoniously, and comply with the laws and regulations of the host country."
The statement emphasised that, under UAE law, any form of assembly without prior authorisation, marching, chanting, video recording of such activities, or sharing them on social media is strictly prohibited.
Last month, some Bangladeshis violated local laws by protesting against Hasina's government in the UAE.
On July 22, three individuals were sentenced to life imprisonment for organising demonstrations and inciting riots. The court also sentenced 53 others to 10 years and one defendant to 11 years for illegal entry and participation in the protest.
The UAE is home to over one million Bangladeshi nationals who work across various sectors and contribute to both the UAE’s and Bangladesh’s development.
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The Philippine missions in the UAE have alerted their compatriots about fraudulent websites providing misleading information regarding the upcoming visa amnesty set to commence on September 1.
The Philippine Embassy has reported receiving concerning information about counterfeit text messages and emails containing links to sites masquerading as the official portal for amnesty registration.
The Embassy advises everyone to exercise caution when entering sensitive or personal information on dubious websites. It is recommended that personal details be shared only on verified sites.
The UAE Government has yet to release specifics on the two-month visa amnesty programme, according to the mission.
The Embassy reassured that it will maintain coordination with the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs and Port Security (ICP) and other relevant agencies. Official advisories and announcements will be shared with the public as soon as they are available.
During the previous amnesty in November 2018, the Philippine government allocated approximately Dh7.8 million for exit fees (Dh221 each), absconding case clearances (Dh521), and airfares (Dh1,500) for returning Filipinos.
Additionally, $100 (Dh365) was provided per person (excluding minors) as "humble welfare assistance."
Streamlined Process
Plans and procedures for the visa amnesty programme were discussed by immigration officials last week. Smart systems will be introduced to streamline the process.This will be the fourth amnesty programme conducted by the UAE government since 2007.
The previous amnesty – held six years ago – was initially scheduled for 90 days until October 31, 2018 but was extended by the federal government for an additional two months, until December 31 to give more residency violators the opportunity to regularise their status or leave the country without penalties.
In 2007, around 342,000 residents across the UAE took advantage of a two-month amnesty, and in 2012/2013, more than 60,000 migrants availed of the service nationwide.
In 2018, the GDRFA reported that 105,809 residence visa violators applied for amnesty in Dubai. Millions of dirhams in fines were waived during the five-month scheme, which concluded on December 31, 2018.
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Dubai's toll gate operator, Salik, has dismissed a fraudulent claim suggesting that investing in its shares could generate a "monthly income of Dh35,600." The company has labelled this as a scam.
In a statement, Salik, which is listed on the Dubai Financial Market, indicated an increase in misleading investment promises related to its shares. The company urged customers to obtain information exclusively through its official channels.
A fraudulent website featuring Salik’s CEO, Ibrahim Al Haddad, is circulating online. This site falsely asserts that Al Haddad has secured a deal with the government allowing all citizens to invest in Salik shares through a new trading platform.
It claims that investing as little as $250 (about Dh917) could yield monthly returns of $9,700 (approximately Dh35,600).
The website also requests personal details such as names, email addresses, and UAE phone numbers. However, Salik shares are traded in UAE dirhams, not dollars, as the site suggests.
Salik advised its customers and potential investors to be wary of fraudulent websites, emails and social media scams that exploit the company's name.
Recent months have seen an increase in phishing attempts promising false investment opportunities and directing users to unsafe links for account recharges and tag purchases.
The company recommended avoiding suspicious links and pop-up ads and advised visiting Salik’s official website for accurate security updates.
In other news, Salik has updated its terms and conditions for motorists, introducing a cap on fines. The maximum fine for violations related to the Salik toll system is now Dh10,000 per vehicle per calendar year, from January 1 to December 31.
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The Central Bank of the UAE (CBUAE) imposed a Dh5.8 million fine on a bank on Friday for violating anti-money laundering (AML) and countering the financing of terrorism (CFT) regulations, as well as rules related to illegal organisations.
The fine was levied following an examination that uncovered deficiencies in the bank's AML/CFT policies and procedures.
The Central Bank cited Article 14 of Federal Decree Law No. (20) of 2018 on AML/CFT for this enforcement action. The specific bank's name was not disclosed.
The CBUAE's supervisory and regulatory efforts aim to ensure that all banks, their owners, and employees adhere to UAE laws and the standards set by the CBUAE, maintaining the transparency and integrity of the banking sector and the UAE financial system.
Additionally, last week the Central Bank revoked the license of Galaxy Insurance Broker due to a substandard compliance framework. This administrative action followed an examination that revealed Galaxy's failure to meet regulatory obligations.
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The parents of a motorcyclist who was killed in a 2022 crash involving a Tesla Model 3 on Autopilot in Utah sued the electric carmaker and the vehicle’s driver, claiming that the driver assistant software and other safety features are “defective and inadequate.”
Landon Embry, 34, died on the scene after the Model 3 put on Autopilot at 75-80 miles per hour struck the back of his Harley Davidson motorcycle, throwing him from the bike, according to the lawsuit filed in state court in Salt Lake City last week.
The lawsuit claims the driver of the Model 3 was “tired” and “not in a condition to drive as an ordinarily prudent driver.”The complaint said the Autopilot sensors such as cameras “should have identified the hazard posed by Decedent’s motorcycle in its presence.”
“A reasonably prudent driver, or adequate auto braking system, would have, and could have slowed or stopped without colliding with the motorcycle,” the complaint said. The lawsuit adds to growing scrutiny of Tesla’s driver assistant systems Autopilot and Full Self-Driving.
A Tesla Model S car was in “Full Self-Driving” mode when it hit and killed a 28-year-old motorcyclist in the Seattle area in April this year, police said this week.
In April, Tesla settled a lawsuit over a 2018 crash that killed an Apple engineer after his Model X, operating on Autopilot, swerved off a highway near San Francisco.
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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is further enhancing its sports sector with the establishment of the UAE Sports Arbitration Centre (UAESAC), a key component of the newly enacted Federal Law No. 4 of 2023, also known as the UAE Sports Law.
The UAESAC offers a specialised framework for resolving sports-related disputes, ensuring fairness, transparency, and integrity within the sports industry.
The UAESAC is an independent body dedicated to addressing disputes across various sports disciplines, including contractual disagreements and issues related to sports governance and ethics. Its streamlined and efficient arbitration process aims to resolve conflicts swiftly, thereby minimising disruptions to athletes, teams and organisations.
The centre operates under the comprehensive legal framework established by Federal Law No. 4 of 2023, which outlines the centre's jurisdiction, powers and procedures.
Key aspects of the UAESAC’s legal framework include:
Jurisdiction: The UAESAC has jurisdiction over all sports-related disputes within the UAE, addressing a wide range of issues such as contractual breaches, disciplinary actions, and doping violations. It also handles conflicts involving sports federations, clubs, athletes and other stakeholders.
Independence and Impartiality: The law ensures that the UAESAC operates independently of the government and sports organisations, maintaining impartiality. Arbitrators and mediators are selected for their expertise and integrity, free from external influences.
Arbitration Panels: The UAESAC comprises specialised arbitration panels with experts in various sports disciplines and legal matters. These panels are responsible for adjudicating disputes and delivering binding decisions.
Procedures: The arbitration procedures at the UAESAC are designed to be efficient and transparent, including the submission of claims, hearings and the issuance of awards. Parties involved have the right to present evidence, call witnesses, and make legal arguments.
Enforcement of Decisions: Decisions made by the UAESAC are binding and enforceable within the UAE, with the legal framework ensuring that awards can be executed through the UAE’s judicial system if necessary.
The centre operates under a governance framework that ensures transparency, accountability, and adherence to international best practices. A board of directors, comprising legal experts, former athletes and sports administrators, oversees its operations.
The centre also includes a panel of arbitrators with extensive experience in sports law and arbitration. To enhance its capabilities and credibility, the centre collaborates with international sports arbitration bodies, legal institutions, and sports federations.
These partnerships facilitate knowledge exchange, training, and the development of best practices in sports arbitration.
The launch of the UAE Sports Arbitration Centre has received strong support from the UAE government, sports federations and athletes. The initiative aligns with the UAE's broader strategy to position itself as a global hub for sports and legal excellence.
By providing a robust mechanism for dispute resolution, the centre is expected to attract more international sports events and investments to the region.
As the UAE Sports Arbitration Centre begins its operations, it is poised to set a benchmark for excellence in sports arbitration in the region. The centre's success will depend on its ability to deliver impartial and high-quality decisions, gain the trust of the sports community, and adapt to the evolving landscape of sports law and governance.
A central objective of the UAESAC is to uphold integrity and fair play in sports. The centre plays a crucial role in addressing ethical issues, such as match-fixing and doping, by providing a forum for impartial adjudication.
By enforcing stringent penalties for violations, the UAESAC helps maintain the credibility of sports in the UAE and aligns with international standards. This approach not only saves time and resources but also helps preserve relationships within the sports community.
Additionally, the UAESAC offers educational programmes to raise awareness about legal rights and responsibilities, further promoting a culture of compliance and ethical conduct.
The establishment of the UAESAC is expected to have significant economic implications by enhancing the UAE’s reputation as a global sports hub.
With world-class facilities and a robust legal framework for dispute resolution, the UAE is well-positioned to attract international sporting events and investments, thereby boosting tourism, creating jobs and stimulating economic growth.
The UAE Sports Arbitration Centre (UAESAC) represents a pioneering step in the UAE’s journey to becoming a leader in the global sports arena. By providing a dedicated, independent forum for resolving sports-related disputes, the UAESAC ensures fairness and integrity, supporting the broader goals of the UAE Sports Law.
As the UAE continues to develop its sports sector, the UAESAC will play a pivotal role in fostering a thriving, competitive, and ethically sound sports environment.
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Huw Edwards, the BBC's former top news presenter, pleaded guilty to three counts of making indecent images of children as he admitted accessing photographs sent to him by a man via the WhatsApp messaging service.
During a 26-minute hearing at Westminster Magistrates’ Court in central London, the court heard that an unnamed man contacted Edwards via social media and sent hundreds of sexual images on WhatsApp between December 2020 and April 2022.
Of the 377 sexual images sent, 41 were indecent images of children. Seven of those were classified as “category A,” which were the most indecent, with the estimated age of most of the children between 13 and 15, though one was aged between 7 and 9. The final indecent image was sent in August 2021, a “category A” film featuring a young boy.
The man told Edwards the child was “quite young looking” and that he had more images which were illegal. Edwards then told him not to send any illegal images and no more such indecent images were sent, though the pair continued to exchange legal pornographic images until April 2022.
“Accessing indecent images of underage people perpetuates the sexual exploitation of children, which has deep, long-lasting trauma on these victims,” said Claire Brinton of the Crown Prosecution Service, which decides whether a case should go to court.
Edwards, who was the lead anchor on the BBC’s nighttime news for two decades and led the public broadcaster's coverage of the funeral of Queen Elizabeth II in 2022 as well as election specials, has been remanded on bail until a pre-sentencing hearing on September 16.
He could face up to 10 years in prison, though the prosecution conceded that a suspended sentence may be appropriate.
Edwards, who was one of the BBC’s top earners, was suspended in July 2023 for separate claims made last year. He later resigned for health reasons. He had not been seen in public until Wednesday's hearing.
Speaking in Edwards’ defense, lawyer Philip Evans said there is “no suggestion” that his client had “in the traditional sense of the word, created any image of any sort.”
Edwards, he said, "did not keep any images, did not send any to anyone else, and did not and has not sought similar images from anywhere else.”
He added that Edwards had “both mental and physical” health issues and that he is "not just of good character, but of exceptional character.”
Prosecutor Ian Hope told the court that Edwards' “genuine remorse” was one reason why a suspended sentence might be considered. Setting out the potential penalties under the law, he said that where there is the prospect of rehabilitation, a community order and sexual offender treatment programme could be considered as alternatives to prison.
A spokesperson for the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children said there should be “no doubt” about the seriousness of Edwards' crimes.
“It can be extremely traumatic for young people to know sexual images of themselves have been shared online," the spokesperson said.
“We also need to see online platforms do much more to identify and disrupt child abuse in private messaging services in order to safeguard young people.”
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If you are an executive working in the UAE and wish to apply for the Golden Visa, there are certain requirements you need to consider before starting the application process.
In addition to meeting the category requirements for the Golden Visa in terms of salary, you must also validate your academic qualifications by having your degree attested.
When applying for a Golden Visa under the ‘Chief Executive’ designation, the applicant’s bachelor’s or master’s degree must be attested by the UAE embassy in their home country and the UAE’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Additionally, the Equivalency Certificate issued by the Ministry of Education (MoE) must be submitted.
The demand for the Executive Golden Visa in Dubai has been consistently high, and individuals need to obtain the MoE Equivalency Certificate to ensure their application meets the necessary criteria.
This step in the application process requires advance planning, as the equivalency process can take between two to three months, depending on the applicant's university requirements and MOE standards. Once you have the certificate, the Golden Visa application process is significantly quicker.
If you have the MoE Equalised University degree and meet the rest of the requirements for the Golden Visa, it will take approximately five to seven working days to complete the process.
According to the General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs Dubai (GDRFAD) website, business and management specialists can apply for the Golden Visa under the ‘specialised talents’ category, provided they submit the following documents:
* A copy of the passport.
* A valid employment contract in the UAE.
* Salary certificate with a monthly salary of no less than Dh30,000.
* Licence to practise the profession (for professions that require it).
* Certificate of academic achievement, not less than a bachelor’s degree (the applicant should provide a report on the recognition of academic qualifications from the Ministry of Education).
* Bank statement showing salary transfers for the last six months.
The UAE’s Ministry of Education (MOE) provides an online service for recognising university certificates issued outside the UAE. This certificate confirms that your higher education degree from an accredited university abroad complies with MoE’s guidelines and international academic standards.
The equivalency certificate process comprises two main stages:
Degree Verification from a Trusted Partner: You can use one of the verification and equivalency service providers in the UAE. For more details on completing this process, refer to our detailed guide here.
Once your verification document is issued by one of these trusted partners, you will also receive a reference number to apply for the Certificate of Recognition service on the MoE website.
Certificate of Recognition from MoE: The second step is to apply for the equivalency certificate from the MoE.
* To obtain the Certificate of Recognition from the MOE, follow these steps:
* Visit the MOE website and click on ‘Complete Application’.
* Log in using your UAE Pass account.
* Enter the reference number received from QuadraBay or DataFlow and your date of birth.
* Your personal and educational information will be automatically populated.
Confirm your details.
* Pay for your application.
* You will receive the Certificate with a Recognition decision (Recognised/Not Recognised) via email. You can also download your result directly from your account on the MOE website.
* Bachelor’s degree equivalency – Dh100
* Master’s degree equivalency – Dh150
* PhD degree equivalency – Dh200
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Whether you are a UAE resident needing to renew your visa or planning a trip to the UAE for work, business, or leisure, you can easily verify your visa status online.
Types of Visas in the UAE
The UAE offers various visas for foreigners to visit, work and live in the country. Short-term visas are available for visitors and range from one month to six months, depending on the purpose of the visit.
Work visas sponsored by employers typically expire in two years, while self-sponsored remote work visas require annual renewal. Special green, blue and golden visas, which are self-sponsored, are valid for five to ten years.
Checking Existing Residence Visas or Entry Permits
For visas or entry permits issued in Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah, or Fujairah, you can check your status on the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs and Port Security (ICP) website:
* Visit the 'Public Services' dashboard and click on 'File Validity' at the top right.
* Select the 'Passport' option and enter your passport number and expiry date.
* Choose the type of visa you have: 'Residency' or 'Visa' for non-residents or visitors.
Dubai Visas
For Dubai-issued residence visas, use the General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs – Dubai (GDRFA) website:
* Go to the homepage and click on 'Visa Status' to access the tracking service.
* Enter your UAE visa file number, first name and date of birth.
The visa file number can be found on the visa sticker in your passport. If your passport does not have the sticker, you can download or print a digital version of this document.
Checking Visa Application Status
If your visa application is still pending, you can check the status using the application reference details.
For applications in Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah, or Fujairah, use the ICP website:
* Go to the 'Public Services' dashboard and select 'Application Tracking'.
* Enter the email address used for the application and the request number.
For Dubai visa applications, use the GDRFA website:
* Use the status-tracking service and enter the application reference, transaction number and payment date.
If your visa request was processed through a service provider or prospective employer, you can check the status with the provided details.
Fines for Overstaying
The UAE has standardised fines for expired tourist and residency visas. A fine of Dh50 per day is imposed for overstaying.
The new system has unified the amount of overstay fines to Dh50 ($13) per day for any type of visa violator.
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As the Paris 2024 Olympics unfold, the International Bar Association (IBA) has highlighted a series of legal challenges that could potentially impact the event.
The IBA's recent report draws attention to various issues, ranging from intellectual property disputes to labour concerns, which require urgent attention to ensure the smooth running of the Games.
Diane Mullenex, Chair of the IBA Leisure Industries Section and a partner at Pinsent Masons, stressed the delicate balance the host nation must maintain between ensuring public safety and upholding individual liberties and privacy.
She noted the heightened security risks associated with ongoing global conflicts, such as the war in Ukraine and the situation in Israel and Gaza. Mullenex also highlighted the unique challenges posed by holding the opening ceremony on the River Seine, which necessitates extensive security measures.
The report notes an increase in intellectual property disputes, particularly concerning the use of Olympic symbols and branding.
The Paris 2024 Organising Committee, along with the International Olympic Committee (IOC), has been vigilant in protecting the Games' trademarks and logos.
However, instances of unauthorised use by non-affiliated companies and individuals have been reported, posing a threat to the event's commercial integrity.
Labour Issues
Labour issues are another significant concern, especially regarding the construction of venues and infrastructure. The IBA has highlighted reports of labour law violations, including underpayment and poor working conditions.
These allegations, if substantiated, could tarnish the image of the Games and lead to legal repercussions for contractors and organisers.
Another area where lawyers are consistently involved during and after an Olympic Games is in anti-doping cases. When a drugs test returns positive, a panel, often led by a senior lawyer, determines whether an anti-doping violation has occurred.
Lawyers represent both the relevant sports federation and the athletes involved, dealing with substantial amounts of medical, scientific and biological information, making these some of the most challenging cases for a lawyer.
The IBA report also points to potential contractual disputes, particularly involving sponsors and broadcasters. With the financial stakes high, any disagreements over contract terms or fulfilment could escalate into legal battles.
The report recommends that all parties involved seek to resolve disputes amicably and in a timely manner to avoid disrupting the event's preparations.
Rights of Athletes
The rights of athletes and teams are also a focal point. The IBA stresses the importance of ensuring fair treatment, particularly in the selection processes for participation and anti-doping regulations.
The association calls for transparency and adherence to established legal frameworks to protect the interests of all athletes.
Given ongoing concerns around public health, the IBA underscores the necessity of strict adherence to health and safety regulations. The report suggests that organisers must be prepared for potential legal challenges related to COVID-19 protocols, including vaccination requirements and crowd management measures.
As the Paris 2024 Olympics progress, the IBA's report serves as a crucial reminder of the complex legal landscape surrounding such a major international event.
The association urges all stakeholders to proactively address these issues to ensure the Games are not only successful but also legally compliant and ethically sound.
The organisers, in collaboration with legal experts, are expected to take these recommendations seriously, implementing necessary measures to mitigate risks and uphold the integrity of the Olympics.
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Lawyers must guard against ethical lapses if they use generative artificial intelligence in their work, the American Bar Association said.
In its first formal ethics opinion on generative AI, an ABA committee said lawyers using the technology must "fully consider" their ethical obligations to protect clients, including duties related to lawyer competence, confidentiality of client data, communication and fees.
Lawyers and law firms are increasingly using AI tools for legal research, document drafting and analysis, and other tasks in litigation, transactional and other work. New legal technology startups have been attracting large investments as the field develops.
Monday's opinion from the ABA's ethics and professional responsibility committee said AI tools can help lawyers increase efficiency but can also carry risks such as generating inaccurate output.
Lawyers also must try to prevent inadvertent disclosure or access to client information, and should consider whether they need to tell a client about their use of generative AI technologies, it said.
The ABA is the largest voluntary US attorney membership organisation. Its opinions can help lawyers and courts interpret ABA model rules, which are not binding but serve as a guide for enforceable conduct rules set by individual states.
The opinion noted that use of AI has led to lawyers citing nonexistent cases or inaccurate analysis. "Even an unintentional misstatement to a court can involve a misrepresentation" under professional conduct rules, the opinion said, warning that lawyers should review all outputs for accuracy.
A federal judge in Virginia last week asked lawyers to explain why they should not be sanctioned for submitting a filing that appeared to include "fictitious cases," as well as "made-up quotations" from real opinions. Judges in other cases have considered or imposed sanctions in similar situations.
Some but not all courts and judges in the United States now require lawyers to disclose their use of AI. The 5th US Circuit Court of Appeals last month said it would not adopt a proposed rule regulating generative AI use by lawyers.
The guidance comes after several state bar associations have adopted their own guidelines for how lawyers can use AI without running afoul of ethics rules.
Generative AI tools are a "rapidly moving target," the opinion said, adding that state and local bar associations and the ABA will likely update their guidance over time.
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The son of one of Europe’s most wanted crime lords, arrested in Dubai last year, has been handed over to Dutch authorities by police in the emirate.
Faisal Taghi, 24, was detained in September for drug trafficking, money laundering, human trafficking and leading the “Angels of Death” crime gang. His father, Ridouan Taghi, 46, who led the same gang, was apprehended by Dubai Police in 2019 in connection with 11 murders.
Faisal Taghi was captured following an international operation involving Interpol and authorities in his native Netherlands.
He was handed over to Dutch authorities last week. “This follows our strategic goals to enhance deep and robust relations between the UAE and various countries in combatting all forms of crime,” said Lieutenant General Abdullah Khalifa Al Marri, Commander-in-Chief of Dubai Police.
His arrest last year followed a warrant from Dutch authorities that reached the International Co-operation Department of the UAE Ministry of Justice.
Dubai Police stated they were thanked by the Dutch Prime Minister for their role in apprehending Faisal Taghi.
“His Excellency Dick Schoof, the Prime Minister of the Netherlands, has commended the UAE's efforts and security cooperation, through Dubai Police, in extraditing Faisal Taghi, a high-value target criminal wanted by Dutch authorities,” Dubai Police said.
“Schoof further expressed his appreciation of the UAE and gratitude for the strong bilateral relations between the two nations.”
Faisal’s father, Ridouan, who holds Dutch and Moroccan nationality, is believed to be behind a major cocaine smuggling operation at the ports of Antwerp and Rotterdam.
He was linked to 11 murders following a drug turf war in the country.
Police in the Netherlands had offered a reward of €100,000 (Dh409,000) for information leading to his arrest.
Ridouan was sentenced to life in prison for his role in a murderous campaign in the Netherlands, which prosecutors described as a “well-oiled killing machine”. He was one of Europe's most-wanted men when captured in Dubai in 2019.
During his trial, one of the largest in Dutch legal history, Taghi and 16 alleged members of a drugs cartel faced six counts of murder and attempted murder – including ordering at least 13 hits – between 2015 and 2017, mainly against people suspected of becoming police informants.
Three of them, including Taghi, received life sentences.
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Pregnancy is not an illness or a disability and cannot be grounds for denying government employment to women, the Delhi High Court recently stated while reprimanding the Railway Protection Force (RPF) for refusing a pregnant woman’s request to defer her Physical Efficiency Test (PET) for a constable position.
A Division Bench of Justices Rekha Palli and Shalinder Kaur expressed its dismay at the way the RPF and the Central Government treated the woman.
“It appears that the respondents (Union of India and RPF) have treated pregnancy as though it were a sickness or a disability, which could justify excluding women from the selection process. In our view, motherhood should never and can never be the basis for denying public employment opportunities to women,” the Court held.
The Bench stated that the RPF could have postponed the PET for the petitioner for a few months, given that she had informed them of her pregnancy and her inability to perform tasks like high jump, long jump, and running.
In view of the above, the Court directed the RPF to conduct the woman’s tests and document verification within six weeks and, if she meets the eligibility criteria, to appoint her to the post of constable with retrospective seniority and other consequential benefits.
The order was issued five years after the woman filed the petition. In a detailed judgement, the Court stated that all authorities, especially those dealing with public employment, must recognise the importance of supporting women who are eager to contribute to the nation and ensure they are not denied their rights due to pregnancy or other such conditions that cannot be regarded as disabilities or illnesses.
“In our considered view, discrimination based on pregnancy should never hinder a woman’s right to pursue her career aspirations. Maternity should not be seen as a barrier but as a fundamental human right of every woman.
It is crucial that every effort is made by all employers to create an inclusive environment where women can fulfil their professional aspirations without facing unjust obstacles, particularly those related to pregnancy,” the Court emphasised.
The Court noted that the authorities’ conduct demonstrated that they remained oblivious to the rights and aspirations of young women and continued to deny them employment opportunities on the grounds of pregnancy.
“We, therefore, have no hesitation in holding that the decision of the respondents in rejecting the petitioner’s candidature is wholly unsustainable and is required to be quashed,” the Court concluded.
The Court also imposed costs of ₹1 lakh on the government and directed them to pay the amount to another woman who was injured in the High Court premises after a portion of the ceiling broke and fell on her.
“While allowing the writ petition with the aforementioned directions, we earnestly hope that all employers, especially the State, will in the future ensure that no woman is deprived of an opportunity to seek employment solely on account of her pregnancy.
We also hope that all genuine requests for deferment of physical endurance tests and other physically strenuous activities by women candidates due to pregnancy will be considered favourably,”the Court said.
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As part of its efforts to pursue excellence and continuously develop human capital, the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) has launched the Tax Professionals Qualification Initiative.
This ambitious programme aims to train a new generation of qualified tax experts, aligning with the Authority’s vision to invest in human capital and foster a work environment that encourages lifelong learning and development.
Designed to enhance the efficiency of the tax system and support the Authority’s strategy, the initiative is one of the FTA’s strategic projects aimed at strengthening the UAE tax sector.
It seeks to supply skilled professionals qualified to work in tax administration and to recruit top talents from university students and graduates.
Moreover, the initiative aims to improve performance, encourage continuous learning among Tax Agents, and enhance the efficiency of tax professionals. The Authority also aspires to raise tax awareness among community members through this initiative.
Khalid Al Bustani, Director General of the FTA, stated: “Launching the Tax Professionals Qualification Initiative aims to enhance the Federal Tax Authority’s pioneering role in developing talent and human resources in the UAE, training them to efficiently and effectively manage tax systems.
We strive to achieve these objectives by providing specialised and accredited training programmes rooted in best practices and international standards, in addition to offering advanced and continuous tax education.”
The initiative targets several groups, including new and current employees of the Federal Tax Authority, university students and graduates from government universities and tax specialists.
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The world quickly learned that cybersecurity firm CrowdStrike was responsible for a crippling global tech outage on Friday. However, determining who will cover the cost of the damages might take significantly longer.
What one cybersecurity expert described as possibly the “largest IT outage in history” resulted in the cancellation of over 5,000 commercial airline flights worldwide and disrupted businesses from retail sales to package deliveries to hospital procedures, incurring losses in revenue, staff time, and productivity.
The issue stemmed from faulty code in CrowdStrike’s software “content update.” Unfortunately, rectifying the error proved far more time-consuming than causing it, and it could be days before all systems return to normal.
In a social media post late Sunday, CrowdStrike stated that a “significant number” of the approximately 8.5 million affected devices were back online and operational. They also issued another apology for the disruption.
While CrowdStrike has apologised, they have not indicated whether they plan to compensate affected customers. When questioned by CNN regarding potential compensation, their response did not address the matter.
Experts anticipate demands for remuneration and potentially lawsuits.
“If you’re a lawyer for CrowdStrike, you’re probably not going to enjoy the rest of your summer,” said Dan Ives, a tech analyst for Wedbush Securities.
Experts largely agree it’s too early to accurately estimate the financial impact of Friday’s global internet breakdown. However, costs could easily exceed $1 billion, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of Anderson Economic Group, a Michigan research firm specialising in estimating the economic cost of events like strikes and other business disruptions.
His firm estimates that a recent hack of CDK Global, a software firm serving US car dealerships, reached that $1 billion mark. Although that outage lasted much longer, about three weeks, it was confined to a single industry.
“This outage is affecting far more consumers and businesses, ranging from inconvenience to serious disruptions, resulting in out-of-pocket costs they can’t easily recover,” he said.
Anderson added that the costs could be particularly significant for airlines, due to lost revenue from cancelled flights and additional labour and fuel costs for the planes that did fly but faced significant delays.
Despite CrowdStrike’s prominence in the cybersecurity field, their annual revenue is just under $4 billion.
However, there may be legal protections for CrowdStrike in their customer contracts that shield them from liability, according to one expert.
“I would guess that the contracts protect them,” said James Lewis, a researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Lewis referenced a recent case decided in favour of SolarWinds, another software company. A judge dismissed Securities and Exchange Commission charges against SolarWinds related to a Russian hack of federal government agencies in late 2020.
Lewis noted that in that case, SolarWinds faced charges for not disclosing its system’s vulnerabilities to an outside hack, not for damage caused by their own actions. Nonetheless, they won a dismissal.
Businesses affected by the outage are likely to find that traditional business interruption insurance won’t cover their losses, said Mark Friedlander, spokesman for the Insurance Information Institute.
Such policies typically require some form of physical damage to the business property for claims to be paid.
There is a separate policy for computer outages, known as Business Network Interruption policies, which might cover claims.
However, these policies sometimes only cover malicious hacks and exclude non-malicious computer issues like this one, he said.
Will Customers Stay?
It’s also unclear how many customers CrowdStrike might lose due to Friday’s incident.
Wedbush Securities’ Ives estimates less than 5% of its customers might switch to other providers.
“They’re such an entrenched player, moving away from CrowdStrike would be a gamble,” he said.
It will be challenging and costly for many customers to switch from CrowdStrike to a competitor. However, the real damage to CrowdStrike could be reputational, making it difficult to attract new customers.
“Today CrowdStrike becomes a household name, but not in a good way, and this will take time to settle down,” Ives said.
CrowdStrike CEO George Kurtz stated in an interview on Friday morning on CNBC that the firm has been focused on resolving the ongoing issues and that so far, he believes most customers have been understanding.
“My goal right now is to make sure every customer is back up and running,” he said. “I think many customers understand it’s a complex environment and staying one step ahead of the bad guys requires these content updates.”
Even if customers are understanding, it’s likely that CrowdStrike’s competitors will try to exploit Friday’s events to lure customers away.
“It’s a very competitive business. There will be salespeople from all the other companies saying, ‘This has never happened to us,’” said Eric O’Neill, a cybersecurity expert and former FBI counterintelligence operative.
“They’re an excellent company doing important work. I hope they survive this. If they don’t, the only winner will be the cybercriminals.”
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In the UAE, employees who have completed more than one year of service are entitled to 30 days of annual leave per year, per Article 29(1)(a) of Federal Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021 on the Regulation of Employment Relations. However, the employer has the discretion to decide the annual leave dates based on work requirements.
According to Article 29(4) of the UAE Employment Law, employers can fix the leave dates and rotate leaves among employees to ensure smooth work progress. Employees must be notified at least one month in advance of their leave dates.
If an employee does not return to work directly after the approved leave period without a valid reason, they are not entitled to a salary for the period of absence.
This is stipulated in Article 34 of the Employment Law, which states that an employee who does not return to work without a legitimate reason after their leave is not entitled to wages for the absence period following the end of the leave.
Furthermore, employers have the right to terminate an employee without notice if the employee is absent without a valid reason for seven consecutive days or 20 non-consecutive days in a year.
Article 44(8) of the UAE Employment Law provides that an employer may dismiss an employee without prior notice if the employee is absent without a legal cause for more than 20 interrupted days in a year or more than seven consecutive days.
Therefore, the approval of a leave extension is at the employer's discretion. If an employer has a valid reason, they may reject the extension request even if the employee has enough leave left.
If the employee extends their leave without approval, they risk losing their salary for the extended period and may face termination of employment.
However, if there are genuine reasons necessitating the extension, the employee should provide valid documentary evidence to the employer to justify the need for additional leave.
In the case of termination, the employee can challenge the decision if they have valid reasons and supporting documents for the leave extension without the employer's consent.
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The Calcutta High Court recently dismissed a case of voyeurism and stalking against a man who was charged by the police in 2016 on accusations of secretly photographing a woman from his residence.
Justice Bibhas Ranjan De noted that while observing and photographing a woman engaged in a private act constitutes voyeurism under Section 354C of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), the offence of stalking also requires specific elements to be established.
In this instance, the accusation was that the defendant had taken photographs of the complainant from his residence while she was standing on the road in front of her home.
“It is also alleged that when the complainant noticed a flash, the accused retreated into his building. Such allegations do not fall under any penal provisions either under Section 354C or 354D of the IPC in relation to the essential elements required to constitute those offences,” the Court stated.
In 2016, the woman had filed a complaint with the police alleging that when she and her daughter went to school, the market, or for private tuition, the accused would watch and follow them. It was also claimed that he would photograph her with his camera and phone.
Specifically, the complainant mentioned an incident where, while she was standing on the road outside her house, the accused was surreptitiously taking her picture. The complainant reported that he fled into his house when she noticed a flash.
Following the complaint, the police had registered a case of voyeurism and stalking against the accused.
Challenging this, the accused argued that the complainant had filed the case merely to “exert pressure on the developer to provide her with an additional car parking space to which she had no right, title, or interest.”
However, the complainant contended that the ongoing civil dispute did not exempt the accused from criminal proceedings. The State also argued that there was sufficient evidence to establish a prima facie case. The Court examined the provisions related to voyeurism and stalking and reached the following conclusions:
Regarding Section 354C of the IPC, the Court stated: "Section 354C of the IPC aims to protect the modesty and decency of women and to maintain public order. It seeks to create a secure environment for women in public places by penalising acts that infringe upon their modesty and instil fear. The provision should be interpreted broadly to achieve its objectives."
Similarly, concerning the offence of stalking under Section 354D of the IPC, the Court outlined:
Perpetrator’s Gender: Stalking must be committed by a man. The offence is gender-specific, involving a male perpetrator and a female victim.
Unwanted Contact: The man must attempt to contact or contact a woman against her wishes. This includes any form of communication, whether in person or electronic, where the woman has shown disinterest and the man continues to pursue contact.
Repetition: Stalking must involve a pattern of persistent and unwanted attention or contact. It is not a one-time event but a continuous pattern of behaviour.
Absence of Interest: There must be a clear indication of disinterest from the woman. This is crucial to demonstrate that the woman’s lack of consent or interest is evident, and that the man persists despite her objections.
In the present case, the Court found that no specific evidence had been gathered to establish any of the elements of the two offences against the accused. As a result, the Court dismissed the criminal proceedings and also rejected the complainant's petition for a speedy trial.
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The Bombay High Court recently ruled that mere association with Dawood Ibrahim, who has been designated a terrorist under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), does not amount to membership of a terrorist gang or organisation.
A division bench consisting of Justice Bharati Dangre and Justice Manjusha Deshpande reasoned that since Ibrahim has been designated a terrorist solely in his "individual capacity", it is insufficient to invoke Section 20 on the grounds that an individual associated with him belongs to the D-gang/Dawood gang.
The Court clarified that UAPA includes separate provisions for the activities of individuals versus those of terrorist gangs or organisations.
"Section 20 prescribes punishment for being a member of a terrorist gang or organisation. In the present case, the evidence relied upon includes a Section 164 statement referring to Parvez Vaid (the petitioner) as a member of the D-gang.
In our view, this does not prima facie attract the offence under Section 20, as the amendment in Schedule IV designates Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar as a terrorist in his individual capacity. Therefore, mere association with him does not invoke the provisions of Section 20," the Court observed.
These remarks were made while addressing the petitions filed by Parvez Zubair Vaid and Faiz Shakeel Bhiwandiwala, who are accused in a case registered under the UAPA, the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, and the Indian Penal Code.
Apart from the allegation of being a member of a terrorist organisation, they were also charged with conspiracy and raising funds for terrorist activities. Regarding the NDPS Act, an alleged recovery of 600 grams of ganja was made from Bhiwandiwala's premises. The accused had sought bail, arguing that there was no connection between them and the alleged offences.
In response, the Police admitted there was no material in the charge-sheet to support the invocation of Section 17 (Punishment for raising funds for terrorist acts) and Section 18 (Punishment for conspiracy, etc.), but defended the invocation of Section 20 UAPA. Some witnesses testified that they knew Vaid as a member of the D-Company, it was submitted.
The prosecution also highlighted a ₹25,000 transaction made by Parvez to an individual closely associated with Ibrahim.
After reviewing the evidence and noting that UAPA contains distinct provisions for individuals and organisations, the Court found that the statements were insufficient to warrant Section 20 charges against Vaid.
Regarding Bhiwandiwala, the Court found no evidence linking him to the 'D' gang.
Concerning the NDPS Act charges, the Court noted that only 600 grammes of ganja was recovered, which does not qualify as commercial or intermediate quantity, but only a small quantity. Thus, the bar on releasing Bhiwandiwala on bail under Section 37 of the NDPS Act was not an impediment, the Court observed.
"Mere sharing of images of narcotics or prohibited substances does not attract the provisions of the NDPS Act," it added.
With these observations, the Court granted bail to the accused.
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It was not a cyberattack, but the world nearly came to a standstill after a massive IT outage wreaked havoc on computer systems worldwide on Friday.
Planes were grounded, airports crowded with passengers waiting for their flights, ATMs ceased dispensing cash, supermarkets and petrol stations declined digital payments, and companies were forced to reboot after their computers crashed, displaying only the so-called 'blue screen of death'.
The system glitch stemmed from a defect found in a single content update for Microsoft Windows. The Falcon Sensor by US-based cybersecurity technology firm CrowdStrike, supposedly “purpose-built to stop breaches and prevent all types of attacks”-- including malware and more -- caused the outage. Systems restarted or shut down automatically.
George Kurtz, CrowdStrike CEO, has apologised for the global outage. “This is not a security incident or cyberattack. The issue has been identified, isolated, and a fix has been deployed," he said in a post on social media platform X on Friday.
Microsoft stated it had fixed the underlying cause of the outage that affected its 365 apps and services, while Mac and Linux hosts were not impacted.
Air travel was the most severely affected, with airports and major airlines around the world reporting delays following issues with their system networks.
According to preliminary data released at 2 pm on Friday (UAE time) by aviation analytics company Cirium, out of more than 110,000 scheduled commercial flights that day, 1,390 were cancelled globally, and the numbers were rising.
Across Asia, airports in Singapore, Bangkok, Hong Kong, India, and Manila were among those affected, with long queues seen at check-in counters. Major US air carriers, including Delta, United, and American Airlines, also grounded all flights, according to the US Federal Aviation Administration.
Bank transactions, hospital services, and financial markets were also disrupted.
Some online services by the UAE Government were affected, and Dubai International Airport (DXB) confirmed that their operations were temporarily impacted.
UAE residents, however, were assured that no hacks or cyberattacks were detected amid the large-scale technical failure on Friday. The UAE Cyber Security Council issued an alert urging users of CrowdStrike software to be wary of any software updates.
The Dubai Electronic Security Centre (DESC) also issued a statement assuring that it "acted quickly to avoid any impact on Dubai government services".
The General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) said the global technical glitch “had minor impacts on the operation of the country's airports and airlines. Minor delays were reported in the check-in processes for a limited number of flights, as an alternative system was used by the airlines, allowing the check-in operations to resume normally.”
Some residents were surprised as they did not expect some shops to switch to "cash-only" payments due to technical issues. Those buying groceries or refuelling their cars had to scramble for instant cash as card payments were not working. Others were unable to withdraw from ATMs.
Dubai-based IT expert Rayad Kamal Ayub, managing director of Rayad Group, said: “Tech experts in the coming days will analyse if this was a cyberattack or a blunder on the part of the company to have deployed an update without following the complete protocols of testing.”
“This is a wake-up call for most governments and multinationals about their vulnerabilities. This is a case of complete dependence on one company for their cybersecurity requirements,” he underscored. “In the next few weeks and months, cybersecurity experts and security professionals will have to look at backup options if the enterprise software and cybersecurity company get compromised again,” he added.
Irene Corpuz, founding partner and board member at Women in Cybersecurity Middle East, said, “I can sense that CrowdStrike will be called by the US Senate to explain.” “It was not a cyberattack, but businesses and companies were heavily affected. Residents also felt the impact. The card payment system crashed in some stores, and not everyone is carrying cash nowadays,” she added.
Corpuz said tech companies normally do testing in a test environment before deploying patches in a live environment. “However, we do not know the case of the update on CrowdStrike and the patch management policy (methodology used to ensure hardware and software on a corporate network are regularly maintained) used before it was deployed to a live environment.”
One thing is for sure, as Ayub pointed out the irony of the situation: “What was supposed to be a protector for cybersecurity has compromised us.”
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The General Pension and Social Security Authority (GPSSA) is pleased to announce that 17,304 Emirati citizens have registered as contributors under the new Federal Pension Law No. (57) of 2023.
This landmark legislation, which came into effect earlier this year, represents a significant advancement in the UAE’s ongoing efforts to enhance social security and provide robust pension benefits for its citizens.
The introduction of Federal Pension Law No. (57) of 2023 has been hailed as a major milestone in the UAE's social security landscape. This law, designed to provide comprehensive pension coverage to Emirati employees, has received a strong positive response from the community.
The GPSSA’s latest figures underscore the widespread acceptance and proactive participation of Emiratis in securing their financial future.
Federal Pension Law No. (57) of 2023 introduces several key features aimed at bolstering the pension system in the UAE. Among the highlights are:
* Enhanced Pension Benefits: The law offers improved pension benefits, ensuring that retirees receive adequate financial support.
* Extended Coverage: The law extends pension coverage to a broader segment of the Emirati workforce, including those in new and emerging sectors.
* Flexible Contribution Plans: The new regulations provide flexible contribution plans, allowing employees to choose options that best suit their financial situations.
* Strengthened Social Security Framework: The law strengthens the overall social security framework, providing a safety net for Emirati citizens and their families.
The GPSSA has been actively engaging with the community to raise awareness about the new law and its benefits. Through a series of workshops, seminars and media campaigns, the authority has ensured that Emirati citizens are well-informed and able to make educated decisions regarding their pension contributions.
The GPSSA continues to work tirelessly to ensure the successful implementation of Federal Pension Law No. (57) of 2023. With 17,304 contributors already on board, the authority is optimistic about the future and remains committed to providing exemplary service and support to all Emirati citizens.
As the UAE moves forward, the new pension law stands as a beacon of progress, reflecting the nation’s dedication to enhancing the well-being and financial security of its people. The GPSSA encourages all eligible Emiratis to take advantage of the opportunities provided by this landmark legislation and secure their futures through active participation in the pension system.